1917] HORTICULTURE. 833 



largely a review of studies conducted at the New York Cornell Experiment Sta- 

 tion (E. S. R., 34, p. 738), including a summary of results secured in coopera- 

 tive demonstration tests in New York apple orchards in 1916. Although the 

 results of dusting as compared with spraying were less favorable in these co- 

 operative tests than in the experimental work, the author is of the opinion 

 that the failure was due to inexperience in the dusting method, use of improp- 

 erly prepared mixtures, and poor dusting machinery rather than to the prac- 

 tice of dusting itself. 



New creations in fruits, N. E. Hansen {Minn. Uort., 45 {1911), No. 12, pp. 

 464-4^9, figs. 4)- — This paper comprises a brief statement of progress being 

 made in the author's work of breeding hardy fruits (E. S. R., 37, p. 142). 



A number of plums recently sent out for trial are described. Of a large 

 number of cherries tested at the South Dakota Experiment Station one variety, 

 selected from a number of imported seedlings and which has been named Mos- 

 cow, has been found to be both productive and perfectly hardy and was dis- 

 tributed for testing in the spring of 1917. 



A list of the most desirable varieties of most kinds of fruits {London: 

 Roy. Hort. Soc, 1916, pp. 190). — The list herein given was prepared by the 

 fruit committee of the Royal Horticultural Society of England as a result of 

 inquiries sent out to growers throughout the United Kingdom. A series of 

 subsidiary lists, prepared by a number of gardeners living in various parts of 

 the United Kingdom, is given of varieties which they consider most suitable 

 for their various geographical divisions. 



Grass mulch.^ — A practical system of orchard management, J. H. Goublet 

 {Ann. Rpt. Vt. State Hort. Soc, 14 {1916), pp. 36-41).— In connection with or- 

 chard management studies being conducted at the New Hampshire Experiment 

 Station (E. S. R., 36, p. 724), a grass mulch experiment was recently estab- 

 lished on a small orchard. Various fertilizers were applied to the different 

 plats. Data are here given showing the results secured in 1916. 



The average yield of apples from the check rows was 10.5 bbls., from the 

 nitrogen rows 23.5 bbls., and the average from the rows fertilized with potash, 

 basic slag, or phosphate, but not including nitrogen, about 11 bbls. Although 

 the color of the apples was not so good on the nitrogen plat the increase in 

 production far outweighed the color factor and all the apples were sold at 

 the same price. The results in general indicate that nitrogen is the only fer- 

 tilizer to yield a profit, and that in this orchard at least the mulch system 

 would be far from efficient unless supplemented with nitrogen. 



Orchard cover crops for the Moutere Hills, W. C. Hyde {Jour. Agr. [New 

 Zeal.], IS {1916), No. 6, pp. 472-477, figs. 7).— The author outlines cooperative 

 experiments being conducted in the Moutere district of New Zealand to deter- 

 mine the leguminous crop best suited for green manuring purposes in the young 

 orchards of that locality. The experiments also included trials of various fer- 

 tilizer combinations. 



The crops tested were crimson clover, common vetch, white lupine, yellow 

 lupine, white mustard, serradella, and partridge peas. The best results were 

 secured with white lupine and white mustard, together with an application of 

 1 cwt. per acre each of blood and bone, acid phosphate, and muriate of potash. 



Important factors in the successful cold storage of apples, H. S. Bibd {Rpt. 

 Proc. Mont. State Hort. Soc, 19 {1916), pp. S4S6).—A brief discussion of the 

 factors essential to the successful cold storage of apples, including some experi- 

 mental data illustrating the damage by scald and decay due to storing imma- 

 ture fruit, over-mature fruit, and to delay in storage after picking the fruit. 



The history and development of the red currant, E. A. Bunyabd {Jour. 

 Roy. Hort. Soc, 42 {1917), No. 2-3, pp. 260-270, pis. 6).— A paper on this sub- 



