1917] VETERINARY MEDICINE. 375 



in the liver after the fifth day from infection. They are found in the bronclii 

 about the seventh day and in the trachea on the eighth day. No larvae are found 

 in any portion of the lung on the ninth day after infection. Dead larvte have 

 been found in the stomach and rectum on the ninth day after the last infection." 

 The route by which the larvse reach the lungs, liver, etc., is either by boring 

 through the wall of the stomach or intestine and entering a mesenteric venule 

 or by traveling up the bile duct. 



Spirochseta inorsus muris n. sp., the cause of rat-bite fever, II, K. Futaki, 

 I. Takaki, T. Taniguchi, and S. Osumi {Jour. Expt. Med., 25 (1917), No. 1, 

 pp. 33-44, pis. 3, fig. i).— In this second paper (E. S. R., 35, p. 783), the authors 

 record five additional cases in each of which a spirochete has been found. In 

 two of the patients examined the spirochete was taken in the circulating blood 

 derived from a vein or the punctured skin. 



" The organism is not present in the blood of all rats, and there is no relation 

 between the species of the rat and the ratio of infection. We have never found 

 the spirochete in healthy guinea pigs or mice. By permitting a rat infected 

 with the spirochete to bite a guinea pig. the latter develops the disease. We 

 have succeeded in cultivating the spirochete in Shimamine's medium. 



"Among the spirochetes described in the literature or discovered in the blood 

 of rats and mice there may be some resembling our spirochete, but none of 

 the descriptions agree with it fully. Hence, we have named our organism 

 Spirochwta morsus viuhs and regard it as belonging to the Spironemacea of the 

 nature of treponema. . . . 



" The spirochete can be detected in about 3 per cent of house rats. These 

 facts enable us to identify the cause of the disease." 



Experimental rat-bite fever, K. Ishiwaka, T. Ohtawaea, and K. Tamura 

 (Jour. Expt. Med., 25 {1911), No. 1, pp. 45-64, pls. 2, figs. 6).— Spirochetes have 

 always appeared in the peripheral blood when a mouse or white rat was in- 

 oculated, although no other symptoms developed. 



" Spirochetes disappear from the blood of the animals as a result of the 

 Injection of salvarsan, thus indicating that the spirochete is arsenotropic." 



Toxic action of copper compounds of amino acids on protozoa, J. A. Shaw- 

 Mackenzie (Jour. Physiol., 51 {1911), No. 1-2, pp. Ill, IV}. — Inve.stigations 

 show the copper compounds of organic acids to possess a high toxicity for 

 protozoa. 



The action of digitalis in pneumonia, A. E. Cohn and II. A. Jamieson 

 (Jour. Expt. Med., 25 {1917), No. 1, pp. 65-81, pi. i).—" Digitalis acts during 

 the febrile period of pneumonia. It produces a beneficial, po.ssibly a life-saving 

 effect in cases of auricular irregularity (fibrillation and flutter). Whatever 

 beneficial action it has on the function of the normally beating nonfebrile heart 

 may be expected from its use in the febrile heart in pneumonia." 



A bibliography of 23 titles is appended. 



Studies on the blood proteins. — II, The albumin-globulin ratio in experi- 

 mental intoxications and infections, S. H. Hurwitz and G. H. Whipple 

 (Jour. Expt. Med., 25 {1917). No. 2, pp. 231-253, figs. 3).— Continuing the work 

 previously noted (E. S. R., 36, p. 778), the authors have found that "the in- 

 toxication which develops as the result of a simple obstruction or a closed 

 intestinal loop is accompanied by definite changes in the coagulable proteins of 

 the blood serum. These changes consist essentially in an alteration in the 

 normal albumin-globulin ratio ; the globulin fraction is greatly increased and at 

 times the normal relation of the two fractions may show a complete inversion." 



The infections and intoxications produced by inflammatory irritants were 

 accottipauied by a rise in the blood globulins. It is indicated that this sag- 



