1917] AGEICULTURAL EDUCATION. 395 



How we can attain greater efficiency in laboratory instruction? R. F. 

 Irvin {Jour. Amer. Assoc. Instr. and Invest. Poultry Husb., S (1917), No. 6, pp. 

 45-47). — In discussing the problems involved in laboratory instruction in 

 poultry husbandry in the college, the author suggests that each course should 

 first be outlined in syllabus form, lecture, recitation, and laboratory exercises 

 being correlated. This should be followed by a standard laboratory plan or 

 laboratory exercise sheet, which should include as essential features the title 

 of the exercise, object of the exercise, apparatus and equipment needed, method 

 of procedure, leading questions, and conclusions. It is claimed that laboratory 

 instruction on such an organized basis would enable the instructor to utilize 

 every minute of the laboratory period to the best advantage. Suggested out- 

 lines are given of model laboratory sheets on a study of the 60-hour embryo 

 and the sticking and dry picking of market poultry. 



Gardening- in elementary city schools, C. D. Jabvis (U. S. Bur. Ed, Bui. 

 40 (1916), pp. 74, pis. S, figs. 4)- — In this bulletin the author attempts to show 

 briefly how productive gardening contributes to the needs of the school, as 

 in democratizing education, supplying a long-felt need in vocational guid- 

 ance and a substitiite for hurtful child labor, developing thrift and industry, 

 furnishing recreation, improving health and morals, uniting the home and 

 the school, etc. He discusses the kinds of gardens, their control, instruc- 

 tion, supervision, and financing, and outlines a suggestive program for the 

 promotion of f:ardening by schools employing the home garden method in 

 its broadest sense. This includes gardening on the school grounds where 

 it forms a onrt of the home garden system and where the individual plats 

 are regarded as home gardens or independent projects. The program includes 

 a preliminary survey, procuring land, the selection of crops, planning the 

 garden, outside and classroom instruction, disposing of the crop, keeping records, 

 and means of arousing and maintaining interest. 



A course in nature study and agriculture, W, T. SKrLLiNG (Bui. State 

 Normal School, San Diego, Cal., S (1915), No. 3, pp. 8). — This is an outline of 

 the course in nature study and agriculture, with suggestions for work in the 

 model and training school, of the State Normal School at San Diego, Cal. 



Courses in secondary agriculture for southern schools (fi.rst and second 

 years), H. P. Bakrows (U. S. Dept. Agr. Bui. 521,(1917), pp. 53).— These out- 

 llDes, covering work in agriculture for the first two years of a 4-year course, 

 hav2 been prepared to meet a demand for a more uniform standard in agicul- 

 tural instruction in secondary schools in the South. They are based on work 

 *ii nature study pnd a general course in elementary agriculture in the graded or 

 rural school. The outline for the first year covers lessons and practical exer- 

 cises in soil? »nd field crops, and for the second year, lessons and practicums 

 In animal husbandry. Suggestions for home projects, equipment, distribution of 

 time and creiit, etc., and lists of texts and references are included. 



Suggesfed experiments in elementary plant physiology, L. H. Pennington 

 (SyracH.'.e Univ. [Pubs.], 17 (1917), No. 30, pp. 46). — This is a series of labora- 

 tory pj-r^riments and exercises to illustrate the fundamental scientific facts 

 and theories underlying elementary plant physiology, arranged especially for 

 ■8tud'»n*;s in forestry at the New York State College of Forestry. 



IVrm spies, A. F. Conradi and W. A. Thomas (New York: The MacmiUan 

 Co., 1916, pp. XI +165, figs. 67).— This book deals with the facts concerning the 

 life history and habits of the boll weevil, the black billbug and budworm of 

 corn, the black corn weevil, grasshoppers, chinch bugs, the cotton root louse, and 

 the larger cornstalk borer, and methods of controlling them. It is written 

 in story form for boys and girls. 



