1017] ENTOMOLOGY. 259 



" Pound for pound the tree-banding material will cover about two-thirds as 

 many lineal feet as tree tanglefoot, but as the trees do not have to be scraped 

 before applying the former band, tlie labor is reduced, so that a large saving is 

 made by using this material. The bands remain on the trees during tiie winter 

 and can be moistened with turpentine in the spring so that they will be effective 

 for two seasons." 



The present status of the gipsy and brown-tail moths in Connecticut, 

 I. W. Davis {Jour. Econ. Ent., 10 (1917), No. 1, pp. 193-195).— X brief review 

 of the present status of these pests in Connecticut. 



Crambid moths and lig'ht, G. G. Ainslie {Jour. Econ. Ent., 10 {1917), No. 

 1, pp. 114-123. figs. 2). — This study is based upon collections made at light at 

 Nashville, Tenn., during the summer of 1915. At least 14 species of Crambinae 

 were found to occur at that place, although the greater bulk of the material 

 consisted of Crambus teterrellus, a very common and widely distributed species 

 on which the data presented are based and to which the conclusions drawTi 

 directly apply. The author has been unable to determine what meteorological 

 condition determines their attraction to light, but finds that it does not depend 

 on temperature. 



The studies have led to the conclusion that, so far at least as this species is 

 concerned and very probably with all crambids, neither trap lights nor poisoned 

 baits can be used successfully under normal conditions to reduce the number of 

 these very common and secretly injurious insects. 



*' Side injury " and codling' moth control, E. P. Felt {Jour. Econ. Ent., 10 

 {1917), No. 1, pp. 60-66). — The term "side injury" is limited in this paper to 

 the characteristic blemish produced by late-hatching codling moth larvae enter- 

 ing the smooth side of the apple, running just under the skin a circular gallery 

 with a radius of about is in. and then in a few days deserting this initial point 

 of injury and usually migrating to the blossom end. This blemish, which is 

 frequently marked by a red or reddish-brown discoloration, was the cause 

 of serious loss in western New York in 1915, as high as 20 per cent of such 

 injury often being found in sprayed orchards. The experimental work of 1916, 

 here reported upon, is in continuation of that of 1915, previously noted (E. S. R., 

 36, p. 855). 



The variation in the percentage of wormy apples appears to be affected more 

 by the size of the crop than the number of sprayings, and there is a fairly con- 

 stant ratio between the total wormy fruit and the apples showing side injury. 

 " Generally speaking, the development of side injury is conditioned upon the 

 deposition of numerous eggs after the apples have become an inch or so in 

 diameter and smooth enough so as not to repel the parent moth. We are satis- 

 fied that by far the greater benefit comes from the spraying just after blossom- 

 ing, and that the side injury is in general proportional to the infestation of the 

 orchard." 



Recent antimosquito work in Connecticut, W. E. Britton {Jour. Econ. Ent., 

 10 {1917). No. 1, pp. 109-111). — A brief statement of the work carried on in 

 Connecticut. See also the work noted on page 255. 



The influence of salinity on the development of certain species of mos- 

 quito larvae and its bearing on the problem of the distribution of species, 

 F. E. Chidestek {New Jersey Stas. Bui. 299 [1916], pp. 3-16, figs. 6). — From 

 field records and laboratory experiments it is concluded that the distribution 

 of the two dominant species of the salt-marsh mosquitoes in New Jersey is 

 in part dependent on the salinity of the water. The fresher waters seem to 

 bring out the brown salt-marsh mosquito {Aedes cantator), while the marsh 

 pools with slightly higher salinity seem to be more favorable for the develop- 

 ment of A. sollicitans. 



