1917] ENTOMOLOGY. 463 



The codling' moth and its control in the Western Province, F. W. Pettey 

 {Union So. Africa Depl. Agr., Sci. Bui. 9 {1916), pp. IfS, figs. 7). — A report of 

 a detailed studj- of the codling moth commenced in the summer of 1915. 



Statistics on the production of silk in France and elsewhere {Statistique 

 de la Production de la Sole en France et a VEtranger. Lyon: Syndicat de 

 rUnion des Marchands de Sole de Lyon, 1917, pp. 68). — This, the usual annual 

 summary (E. S. R., 36, p. 655), covers the year 1915. 



The meadow foxtail midge, A. H. Cockayne {Jour. Agr. [New Zeal.], IS 

 {1916), No. 6, pp. Jt59-466, figs. 5). — Oligotropus alopecuri, originally thought 

 to be a variety of the wheat midge, is probably distributed wherever meadow 

 foxtail is cultivated. During 1915 the crop was virtually ruined in the Mana- 

 watu district, one of the two principal seed-producing localities in New Zealand. 

 In many cases 70 per cent of the seed was destroyed and the output rendered 

 quite unsalable. In 1916 the infestation was even worse in this district and 

 no seed was harvested. 



Anopheline mosquitoes. — Their distribution and infection under field con- 

 ditions, M. B. MiTZMAiN {Pub. Health Rpts. [U. S.], 32 {1917), No. 15, pp. 5S6~ 

 54O). — This is a report of investigations, conducted in continuation of those 

 previously noted (E. S. R., 36, p. 757), that were undertaken primarily for the 

 purpose of ascertaining the relative distribution of anopheiines under field con- 

 ditions and included also an effort to determine for a particular locality (Talla- 

 dega Springs, Ala.) the seasonal period at which parasitism of mosquitoes 

 could no longer be demonstrated. 



In the above-mentioned region the maximum parasite index among 200 per- 

 sons was found to be 18.6 per cent. With a view to determining whether con- 

 ditions exist in nature in the presence of which this mosquito may be of epi- 

 demiological significance, a total of 1,377 specimens of two species of Anopheles 

 {A. quadrimuculatus and A. punctipennis) were collected during the period from 

 September 18 to November 15, 1916. " It is indicated that in the three sources 

 of direct human influence, namely, inside dwellings, under dwellings, and in 

 privies, the last produced the greatest number of specimens of A. punctipennis. 

 This species comprised less than one-third (30 per cent) of the catch in houses, 

 while under dwellings 62 per cent of the mosquitoes collected proved to be 

 A. punctipennis." 



The preponderant numbers of A. punctipennis infesting houses were usually 

 found in an engorged state resting under the flooring of dwellings. Although 

 A. punctipennis rarely bites while inside a dwelling, it is found to attack per- 

 sons seated on the porch or gallery of the house, after which these mosquitoes 

 seek rest, presumably under the house in preference to the interior. In one 

 instance infection was noted in a specimen of A. quadrimaculatus examined on 

 November 15. 



Is mosquito or man the winter carrier of malaria organisms? M. B. Mitz- 

 MAiN (Pw&. Health Serv. U. S. Bui. 84 {1916), pp. 32, pis. 8).— This is a report 

 of investigations made in a territory comprising 15 plantations in Bolivar and 

 Washington Counties, Miss. 



It is concluded after an examination of 2,122 dissected anopheiines collected 

 in this region that hibernating anopheiines did not harbor parasites of malaria. 

 In the investigation of man as the responsible winter carrier, 1,184 persons 

 residing in the section above mentioned were examined for malarial parasites 

 and 492 infections were identified microscopically, i. e., nearly one-fourth of 

 the human carriers harbored gametocytes. Of these, 317 cases were of the 

 subtertian type, 8 were mixed infections, and the remainder were of the simple 

 tertian type, with the exception of one quartan case. 



