464 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. ' tVoL 87 



•■ l^je Incrimination of man as tlie sole winter carrier is emphasized by the 

 fact that three malaria-infected Anopheles quadrimaculatui were found in the 

 homes of these gametocyte carriers during May 15 to May 26, previous to 

 which time, 1,180 specimens of Anopheles from ttila source were found to be 

 negative," 



See also previous notes (E. S. R.. 36, pp. 255, 757). " 



Erperfmental studies with muscicides and other fly-destroyixig agencies, 

 K B. Phelps and A. F, Ste\-en80n {Pub. Health Serv. U. S., Uyg. Lab. Bui. 

 108 (19/7), pp. S7, figs. 2). — A detailed report of experimental studies which 

 have been substantially noted from another source (E. S. R., 37, p. 53). 



The limitations of kerosene as a larvicide, with some observations on the 

 cutaneous respiration of mosquito larvae, J. W. S. Macfie (BuL Ent. Research, 

 7 (1917), No. S, pp. 277-295, fig. 1). — It is pointed out that many localities are 

 ill-suited for the application of kerosene, that many surfaces of water can not 

 be efficiently oiled, and that by no means all the species of mosquitoes that bite 

 man breed close to houses. 



Experiments made to determine the action of kerosene as a larvicide, the 

 survival of submerged larvse, etc., are reported. 



Observations on the distribution of warble flies in Ohio, D. C. Mote {Ohio 

 Jour. Sci., n (1917), Ao. 5, pp. 160-176, figs. ^).— Tliis is a report of studies 

 conducted in Ohio largely during 1914 and 1916, in which it is shown that 

 Hypodenna boins is the most abundant species, comprising nearly 83.5 per 

 cent of 628 grubs and 15 adults collected in 32 counties. See also work noted 

 in Ohio Station Bulletin 278 ( E. S. R., 32, p. 796). 



The poplar and willow borer (Cryptorh3mchus lapathi), R. Matheson 

 (Netc York Cornell Sta. BvU. S8S (1917), pp. 457-^S, pi. 1, figs. iS).— The pop- 

 lar and willow borer is a European beetle, first discovered in this country in 

 1882, which has become so abundant In many eastern nurseries during the past 

 10 to 20 years that In many cases the nurserymen have almost abandoned the 

 raising of Carolina and other species of poplars. It is al.so a serious enemy of 

 practically all species of willows and where the beetle is abundant the damage 

 done is extensive, this being especially true of all varieties of ornamental 

 willows, while the production of basket willows is gn-atly retluced and In many" 

 cases stopped by Its work. In addition to popUirs and willows it has been 

 recorded as attacking several species of alders and two species of birch. At 

 the present time It Is known to occur from Maine west to Ontario and North 

 Dakota and south to the District of Columbia. 



In New York State the adults begin to appear during the latter part of 

 July, are abundant in August, and have been found present on poplar trees as 

 late as October 7. Shortly after emerging from tlie pupal cells they begin to 

 feed, selecting young, tender shoots. The bark is punctured by the beak, a 

 round hole being formed down to the cambium layer, on which tlie beetles 

 largely feed. They are such voracious feeders that when abundant the youug 

 1-year-old shoots may be so completely, riddled that they shrivel and die. 

 Punctures in old bark are for the deposition of eggs, and these always appear 

 some weeks after the beetles have been feeding. While their wings are perfect 

 and apparently suitable for flying the beetles have never been observed in 

 flight or attempting to fly. and In the nursery It Is not uncommon to find 

 one block badly Infested, whereas a block somewhat distant may be only 

 slightly injured. 



The eirirs are placed in corky parts of the bark on branches or parts of the 

 tree more than a year old, from 1 to 3 or 4 eggs being deposited in a cavity. 

 Oviposition continues from early August until October, but the number of eggs 



