530 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 37 



taken as a standard, yielded 27 bu. per acre. The first 9 varieties — all wheats 

 of the Turkey type, exceeded the local Turkey strain by from 6 to 18 per cent. 

 The highest yielding Turkey variety exceeded Fortyfold, a popular variety in 

 eastern Oregon, by 6.6 bu. per acre. Hybrid No. 123 yielded 43.8 bu. for a 

 2-year average. 



Rate- and date-of-seeding tests with winter wheat indicate that from 4,5 to 

 55 lbs. of seed per acre, sown between October 10 and 25, will give liest results. 



A comparison of Turkey wheat grown from seed produced at Moro and Moc- 

 casin, Mont., and Nephi, Utah, gave 5-year average yields of 30.1, 30, and 2S.1 

 bu. per acre, respectively. 



In variety tests with spring wheats, using Bluestem as a standard, Koola, a 

 pure-line selection, gave the highest average yield, 32 bu., for the 4 years 

 1913-1916, while Kubanka gave the lowest average yield, 21.2 bu. Bluestem 

 yielded 25.4 bu. 



Rate- and date-of-seeding tests with spring wheat gave a 5-year average yield 

 of 17.7 bu. per acre for all rates sown early (March 28), while the late sowings 

 (April 23) averaged 12.2 bu. per acre. The 8-pk. rate of seeding gave the 

 highest average yield, 20.3 bu., for the early sowings, while the 3-pk. rate gave 

 the highest yield. 13.6 bu., for late sowing. 



Texas Winter barley gave the highest average yield of the 5 varieties tested, 

 49 bu., and Utah Winter the lowest, 36.S bu. per acre. None of the beardless 

 varieties tested have been winter hardy. 



Of the 24 spring barleys tested for 4 years, Mariout has given the highest 

 average yield of 51.6 bu., with White Smyrna second, with .50.1 Ini. per acre. 

 Manchuria gave the lowest average yield of 31.7 bu. 



Tlie highest 4-year average yield of spring oats was secured from Silierian 

 and amounted to 62.1 bu., while Canadian was lowest with 52.3 bu. per acre. 

 In seasons of normal or less than normal rainfall early-maturing varieties such 

 as Sixty Day and Kherson gave the highest yields, while in cool .'jcasons of high 

 rainfall the late-maturing varieties gave considerably higher yields. The 

 earlier varieties are reconnnended, liowever. Winter oats have not proved 

 hardy. 



The leading varieties of the cereals named above are briefly described. 



In a comparison of emmer and spelt varieties tested for the 3-year i)eriod of 

 1914-1910, Red Winter si)elt gave an average yield of 57.4 bu. as compared with 

 a yield of 29.4 bu. from Black Winter emmer No. 2337, the highest-yielding 

 enimer variety. 



Abruzzes and Giant Winter ryes have given the highest yields of the winter 

 types tested, while a spring rye, No. 26101, has proveil exceptionally valuable. 



Tabulated data are presented showing the acre value of the grain crops 

 based on the highest-yielding varieties of winter and spring wheat and barley, 

 spring oats, and winter spelt, and on 10-year average prices. Mariout spring 

 barley, with an average yield of 2,477 lbs. i)er acre, gave the highest acre 

 value, $33.06, and Red Winter spelt, with a yield of 1,837 lbs., the lowest, 

 $24.52. 



Field peas have proved to be the most profitable of all leguminous crops 

 tested. The Lima variety gave the highest average yield in variety tests ex- 

 tending over the 4-year period of 1913-1916, yielding 22.S bu. per acre, while 

 White Scimitar was lowest \nth 14.9 bu. A few of the leading varieties are 

 briefly described. 



An average yield of 18.8 bu. per acre was obtained from field peas grown 

 continuously on the same land without summer fallow from 1912 to 1916, in- 

 clusive. Field peas substituted for one summer fallow In a 4-course rotation 



