1917 J VETERIKARY MEDICINE. 781 



munity, though present, was less marked early, but increased after from 12 to 

 16 days. No parallelism was observed between the degree of active immunity 

 and the amount of agglutinin and bacteriotropin in the serum of the immune 

 rats. Agglutinin was demonstrated only in the serum where plain stock vaccine 

 killed at 56° was used. Bacteriotropins were much stronger in the serum of 

 animals treated with this vaccine than in the serum of animals treated with 

 freshly prepared sensitized vaccine killed at 56°. This indicates that "animals 

 may possess a high degree of active immunity and still show practically no 

 antibodies in their serum." It is suggested " that the immunity is due in part 

 to a tissue immunity and not due entirely to antibodies circulating in the blood 

 senim." 



Toxin and antitoxin of and protective inoculation against Bacillus welchii, 

 C. G. Bull and Ida W. Pritchett {Jour. Expt. Med., 26 (1911), No. 1, pp. 119- 

 138). — "Antitoxic serum prepared from a given culture of B. welchii is neutral- 

 izing for the toxius yielded by the other four cultures of that microorganism. 

 The antitoxin is protective and curative against infection with the six)re and 

 the vegetative stages of B. welchii in pigeons. The limits of the protective and 

 curative action are now under investigation." 



Glanders in Austria from 1911 to 1913, J. Schnureb {Wiener Tieriirztl. 

 Wchnschr., 1 {19H), No. 2, pp. 83-93; abs. in Vet. Rec., 28 {1916), No. 1438, pp. 

 339, 34I). — An account of glanders control work in Austria during 1911, 1912, 

 and 1913. 



Neosalvarsan in the treatment of epizootic lymphangitis, E. Hothjemeyeb 

 {Abs. in Vet. Rec, 29 {1917), No. 1496, pp. 372, 373).— Of the various methods 

 of administering neosalvarson the author prefers intravenous injection since 

 intramuscular injection is painful and subcutaneous injection should be dis- 

 carded altogether on account of the persistent edemas which it produces, A 

 dose of 1.5 gni. whicli is injected corresponds to 1 gm. of salvarsan. Of seven 

 horses affected with epizootic lymphangitis that were treated with neosalvarsan 

 six recovered after the first injection and the seventh after the second. " It is 

 always advisable to combine surgical intervention with the administration of 

 neosalvarsan by puncturing the abscesses and treating the wounds with antisep- 

 tics, as in this manner the progress of recovery is hastened." Attention is 

 called to the importance of commencing treatment before the disease has be- 

 come generalized. 



Studies on the paratyphoid-enteritidis group. — I, II, C. KKUitwiEDE, jb., 

 Josephine S. Pratt, and L. A. Ivohn {Jour. Med. Research, 34 {1916), No. 3, 

 pp. 555-358; 35 {1916), No. 1, pp. 55-62). — Two papers are given. 



Xylose fermentation for the differentiation of B. paratyphosns "A" from other 

 members of the paratyphoid-enteritidis group. — " In a series of cultures repre- 

 senting nearly all the pathogenic types of the paratyphoid-enteritidis group, a 

 group of cultures, including all the types agglutinatively B. paratyphosus 'A', 

 failed to ferment xylose. We suggest, if the study of further strains shows 

 that this is a constant characteristic, that the xylose-negative types from man 

 be considered the paratyphoid A group on cultural grounds. Within this cul- 

 tural group are encountered strains, presumably pathogenic, which differ ag- 

 glatinatively from the normal 'A' type." 



Observations on the reaction in litmtis milk as a method of biological dif- 

 ferentiation. — " With the strains we have studied, the reaction in litmus milk of 

 the different members of the paratyphoid-enteritidis group is a gradient one. 

 Although most of the paratyphoid 'A' types produce alkali more slowly than 

 the other members of the group, this difference is quantitative only, and inter- 

 mediate degrees of reaction, both temporal and quantitative, largely destroy 

 the differential value of the medium. The usually described qualitative reac- 



