1916] ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 57 



headings of occidental Europe, the Levant and central Asia, and the extreme 

 Orient. 



The biolog'y of the North American crane flies (Tipulidse, Diptera). — IV, 

 The tribe Hexatomini, O. P. Alexander {Jour. Ent. and ZooL, 7 (1015), No. 3, 

 pp. 141-160, fujs. 17). — A continuation of the worls previously noted (E. S. R., 

 33, p. 561). 



The bionomics of the Maltese phlebotomi, P. J. Makett (Brit. Med. Jour., 

 No. 2SJ,S' (1915), pp. 172, 173).— In this report of studies of the life history and 

 habits of wild and tame Papatnsii flies, which are of importance because of 

 their transmission of disease, data are included on the length of the several 

 life stages, including the pregnancy stage, egg stage, first larval and total larval 

 stages, pupal stage, and length of life. A fungus, which is pathogenic to the fly, 

 is provisionally termed Empusa pnpatasii. 



Directions for combating' the olive fly (Dacus oleee), A. Beklese (Istruzioni 

 per Combattere la Mosca delle Olive (Dacus olece). Florence: Min. Agr. Indus, 

 c Com., 1915, pp. 11, figs. 8). — ^A summary of control measures. 



The book of the fly, G. H. Hardy (London: William Heincmann, 1915, pp. 

 [S]+124, figs. 224). — This account of the house fly includes chapters on identifi- 

 cation, structure, life history, economic importance, methods of control, etc. 

 Miscellaneous data relating to flies, including the Windgate fly chart with index 

 to terms and symbols, a list of families with descriptive notes and references, 

 an analytical table of families, etc., are appended. 



The cane grubs of Australia, A. A. Gikault and A. P. Dodd (Bur. Sugar 

 ExpC Stas. Queensland, Div. Ent. Bui. 2 (1915), pp. 60; abs. in Rev. Appl. 

 Ent., 3 (1915), Her. A, No. 8, pp. 490, 491).— The authors here present a 

 detailed report of studies of the various phases in the life history and habits 

 at Gordonvale, Queensland, of scarabseid larvfe attacking sugar cane. A pre- 

 liminary report of the work by Girault has been previously noted (E. S. R., 

 33, p. 750). 



A mission to Java in quest of natural enemies for a coleopterous pest of 

 bananas (Cosmopolites sordida), F. P. Jepson (Dept. Agr. Fiji Bui. 7 (1914), 

 pp. 18, pis. 3). — Following a brief account of the life history of the banana 

 borer (C*. sordida), its natural enemies are considered. 



Tlie autlior found several insects to prey to a greater or less extent on the 

 banana borer in Java, of which a hlsterid beetle (Plasius javanus) was the most 

 important. In captivity the adult of this beetle consumed eight full-grown larvae 

 of the banana borer per head per diem, while its larva took no less than 33.8 

 full-grown larvre per head per diem, or an equivalent in bulk of about 17 times 

 its own size. 



Five thousand of these beetles were transported in moist earth without food 

 from Java to Fiji, and 3,792 were successfully landed at Suva, the remainder 

 perishing, chiefly, it is believed, owing to the cold weather experienced on the 

 coast of Queensland. Lots of 500 were distributed among seven different planta- 

 tions in badly infested banana districts and 292 retained for observation. The 

 beetles were alive and reproducing after four months, which points to their 

 being probably established. Beetles sent from Java to Fiji by post, packed in 

 damp moss, also arrived alive, so that there should be no difliculty in obtaining 

 a further supply from Java if necessary. 



The Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata), H. Schablowski 

 (ZfscJir. rfianzenkranh:, 25 (1915), No. 4, pp. 193-203, pis. 3, fig. 1; abs. in 

 Mailer's Deut. Gart. Ztg., 30 (1915), No. 42, pp. 335, 336, figs. 2).— An account is 

 given of the appearance of this pest in Germany in 1914 and the manner in which 

 it was eradicated. 



