1916] RURAL ECONOMICS. 89 



of Produce, and Studies in Egg Marketing, by C W. Thompson ; The Law and 

 Custom of Primogeniture, by G. C. Brodrick; Tlie Land System of France, by 

 T. E, C. Leslie ; The Land System of Belgium and Holland, by E. de Laveleye ; 

 The State Small Holdings in Denmark, The English Agricultural Laborer, by 

 H. R. Haggard; Tenancy in the United States, by G. K. Holmes; Tenancy in 

 the North Atlantic States, Tenancy in the North Central States, Tenancy in the 

 Southern States, and Tenancy in the Western States, by B. H. Hibbard ; On the 

 Recollections of a Hired Man, by M. A. Barber; The Farmer's Income, by W. 

 J. Spillman ; Profits that Farmers Receive, by E. H. Thomson ; The Rise of the 

 Granger Movement, and The Outcome of the Granger Movement, by C. W. 

 Pierson ; The Populist Movement, by F. L. McVey ; An Analysis of Agi'icultural 

 Discontent in the United States, by O. F. Emerick ; Agricultural Syndicates in 

 France, by H. W. Wolff; The Technique of Mediaeval and Modern Produce 

 Markets, by A. P. Usher ; Studies in the Marketing of Farm Products in France 

 and England, by E. K. Carver and G. L. Wilson; The Irish Land Purchase 

 Act of 1903, by C. F. Bastable; State Bounties and the Beet-sugar Industry, 

 by P. T. Cherington ; Beet Sugar, by F. W. Taussig ; and Agricultural Credit in 

 the United States, by J. E. Pope. 



Land tenure reform and democracy, G. E. Putnam {Polit. Set. Quart., 31 

 (1916), No. 1, pp. 53-65). — Among the solutions of our land tenure problem 

 suggested by the author are the acquiring of the land by the Government to be 

 leased in such a way as to render ultimate ownership possible, the imposing of 

 an additional tax on land not operated by owners and a progressive tax upon 

 all holdings above a certain minimum value, and the establishment of better 

 systems of land credit. He claims that the present system places a premium 

 upon tenancy because of the short term of mortgages and the interest charges 

 being high compared with the natural returns of the land. 



The State as farmer, G. Radford (London: Smith, Elder and Co., 1915, pp. 

 I't9). — The author outlines his conception of the relation of the State to farm- 

 ing. He believes it is the function of the State through proper instruction 

 and regulation to bring about such use of land as to prevent waste, as for 

 example the more extensive production of poultry and pork to consume the 

 waste products of the farm, the keeping of a type of cow giving a high yield 

 of butter, the destruction of weeds, better marketing facilities, and arrange- 

 ments to prevent gluts. 



Relation of the Government to the marketing problem, B. T. Galloway 

 (Cornell Countryman, 13 (1916), No. 5, pp. 370-372, 398, 4OO, ^(?^).— Among 

 the ways suggested that the Government may function in solving the marketing 

 problem are in lending its aid in determining and fixing standards, in develop- 

 ing the principles that should govern in the storing and warehousing of farm 

 products, in extending knowledge concerning the marketing of farm products, 

 and in gathering and disseminating information regarding the supply and de- 

 mand for perishable products that would be helpful to the producer and con- 

 sumer alike. The author believes that there should be a combined climate, 

 crop, and market information service somewhat similar to the present system 

 of reporting crop and weather conditions. 



Community organization for live stock improvement, G. C. Humphrey 

 (Hoard's Dairyman, 51 (1916), No. 4, pp. 137, 152, 153, fig. i).— The author has 

 given a brief history of the community live-stock organization movement in 

 Wisconsin and outlines some of the essentials to success. He points out the 

 advantages of community organization as follows: In dairy cattle associations 

 it encourages cow testing work ; it provides a most economical system of adver- 

 tising and offers special inducement for buyers seeking carload lots of ani- 



