J44 EXPEKIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.85 



and the advantages in preparation over the ordinary sulphur sprays, it is 

 recommended to peach growers for trial on a limited scale. 



A sprayin- schedule is given for insects and fungus diseases of the peach 

 m which hydrated lime and sulphur is substituted for the summer treatment of 

 self -boiled lime-sulphur. 



Some results in the breeding of small fruits, R. D. Anthony {Proc. Soc. 

 Hort. Sci., 12 (1915), pp. 121-125).— This paper discusses some results secured 

 in breeding work with raspberries and strawberries which is being conducted 

 at the New York Geneva Station. The subject matter is discussed under the 

 following general headings: Purple raspberries, dwarf types in raspberries, a 

 correlation in leaf and fruit color among raspberries, and inheritance of sex 

 in strawberries. 



Fragaria virginiana in the evolution of the garden strawberry of North 

 Amerfca, S. W. Fletcher (Proc. Soc. Hort. -Set., 12 (1915), pp. 125-137).— In 

 this paper the author presents considerable evidence to support the conclusion 

 that the garden strawberry of North America is of mixed origin, with F. vir- 

 giniana and P. chilocnsis predominating. 



Esperiments with stocks for citrus, W. W. Bonns and W. M. Mektz (Cali- 

 fornia Sta. Bui. 261 (1916), pp. 215-301, figs. i2).— The authors give a brief 

 review of the literature dealing with the use of various stocks for citrus and 

 describes esperiments with citrus stocks being conducted at the Riverside 

 Citrus Station. The principal results to date as measured by the first five 

 crop years are substantially the same as those noted in a previous summary 

 of the work (B. S. R., 33, p. 736). 



The pitanga, A. D. Shamel and W. Popenoe (Jour. Heredity, 7 (1916), No. 

 4, pp. 119-185, figs. 2).— A descriptive account of the pitanga (Eugenia uniflora) 

 with reference to its botany, distribution, habits of growth, the fruit and its 

 uses, propagation, and culture. 



A spotting of citrus fruits due to the action of oil liberated from tlie 

 rind, H. S. Fawcett (California Sta. Bui. 266 (1916), pp. 261-269, figs. 2).— 

 This bulletin describes experiments made by J. D. Culbertson and the author 

 with the view of determining the cause of " green spot " on citrus fruits, more 

 especially lemons. 



The experiments show that at least one of the causes of such spotting is due 

 to the effect of small quantities of oil liberated from the glands in the rind. 

 The oil liberated from the rind by any cause appears to act powerfully and 

 quickly upon all the cells at the surface with which it comes in contact, except 

 those immediately surrounding the oil glands. The affected spots remain green 

 while the remainder of the rind colors normally. Such fruits may be kept for 

 weeks without enlargement of the spots and without change in their green color. 

 Sometimes the green is replaced after a long time by a reddish or brownish color. 

 This lowers the grade of the fruit but usually does not injure seriously its 

 keeping quality. 



A number of experiments were conducted with oil squeezed directly from the 

 living rind of the fruit and also with measured quantities of commercially ex- 

 pressed lemon oil. The results of these experiments are summarized as fol- 

 lows : " The effect of a given amount of oil from the rind was greater on fruit 

 in a moist atmosphere than on similar fruit in a dry atmosphere. The moisture 

 being the same, the effect was greater on green or immature fruit than on fully 

 colored or mature fruit. The effect was greater on fruit just picked than on 

 similar fruit picked for some days. The action of small amounts of oil, for 

 example, such as could be liberated by a hard pressure of the thumb against 

 the rind of a dark-green freshly picked moist lemon (or by 0.01 cc. of the com- 



