1916] RURAL ENGINEERING. 189 



The adjustment and operation of engine plows, 0. O. Reed (Amer. Thresher- 

 man, 18 {WIG), No. 10, pp. 39, 40, 42, 43, figs. 7).— The author deals with free- 

 lift and unit-lift gang plows, giving information in particular regarding ad- 

 justments in assembling for average conditions, the set of coulters, and hitch 

 and side draft. 



A homemade windmill, R. H. Smith {Rural New Yorker, 75 {1916), Nos. 

 4363, p. 149, figs. 2; 4364, p. 181, figs. 2).— The details of a homemade wooden 

 windmill are described and illustrated. 



Harvesting grain in California: The combined harvester v. the grain 

 binder, G. W. Hendky {Univ. Cal. Jour. Agr., S {1915), No. 4, pp. 129-137, pi. 1, 

 figs. 4)- — Data resulting from experience at the experimental farm at Davis, 

 Cal., are reported, which indicate that the net returns per acre in barley pro- 

 duction, using the binder and stationary threshing machine, were $7, against 

 $4.16 using the combined harvester. It is pointed out that the combined sys- 

 tem has been a salient factor in reducing the cost of grain production, but at a 

 great sacrifice in yield. " There is a growing sentiment among farmers that 

 the binder system is a more economical system than the combined harvester 

 system, as measured by the net returns per acre. [This] is manifested by the 

 fact that the number of binders used in this State is constantly increasing." 



Using- the modem grain separator, G. F. Conneb {Power Farming, 25 

 (1916), No. 2, p. 12). — The operation and use of the labor-saving attachments, 

 including the feeders, wind stacker, grain handlers, and dust collectors, are 

 dealt will). 



The drinking of dairy stock and autom.atic watering devices, O. Felix 

 {Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilk., 57 {1915), No. 12, pp. 651-666, figs. 2).— The im- 

 portance of clean water supplies for dairy stock is pointed out, and some auto- 

 matic watering devices to be used in stalls are briefly described as both con- 

 venient and sanitary. 



Experiments with aluminum milk and dairy receptacles, A. Peteb {Molk. 

 Ztg. Berlin, 25 {1915), No. 47, pp. 369, 370; Jahresher. Molk. Schule Riltti- 

 Zollikofen, 28 {1914-15), pp. 22-27 ) .—Tests of aluminum cheese tubs, milk and 

 dairy receptacles, milk cans, and milk bowls led to the conclusions that alumi- 

 num cheese tubs may be economically used when copper becomes relatively 

 more expensive than aluminum and that aluminum is the material most to be 

 recommended for large milk and dairy receptacles and for milk conveyors in 

 dairies. Aluminum is also a good material for milk bowls, but this use and 

 the use for cheese tubs cause trouble in cleaning the walls without injuring 

 them. It is stated that the problem of a sufficiently resistant and durable 

 aluminum milk can has yet to be solved. 



Protective paints for metal, wood, canvas, and cement roofs, F. Schradee 

 (IHus. Landw. Ztg., 35 {1915), No. 55, pp. 364-366). — The proper materials and 

 mixtures thereof for the different types of roof are pointed out. 



Rural sanitation, W. B. Givens {Fresno [Cal.] State Normal School Bui. S 

 {1915), pp. 14, figs. 4)- — This briefly describes and illustrates the well-known 

 Kentucky sanitary privy and a so-called septic tank of the multiple-cliamber, 

 continuous-flow type. The rather unusual statement is made that the tile 

 drainage system below the tank should have a fall of from 4 to 6 in. per 100 ft. 

 Departing further from usual practice the suggestion is made that " when the 

 tank is completed and filled with water, five or six shovelfuls of well-rotted 

 horse manure should be put into it to inoculate the fluid with the liquefying, 

 purifying germs upon which everything depends." 



