1916] METEOROLOGY — WATER. 209 



capable of breaking down the proteins. Since the increase in amid nitrogen 

 is not so great as the loss in protein nitrogen it suggests that there may be 

 present a fermeiit which breaks up the amino acids, although no definite 

 conclusions can bo drawn." 



METEOROLOGY— WATER. 



Report of the nieteorological station at Berkeley, California, for the year 

 ending June 30, 1914, W. G. Reed (Univ. Cal. Puhs., Georgr., 1 {1916), No. 9, 

 pp. S73-4S9, pis. 12, figs. 9). — The instrumental installation and the character 

 and methods of observations made are briefly described, and observations on 

 temperature, pressure, precipitation, atmospheric moisture, frost, and wind 

 are reported. A summary of the results of a hydrographic survey (rainfall 

 and run-oft') of Strawberry Creek, near the university, is also included. 



The mean annual temperature for the year was 58° F. The extreme range 

 of temperature was about 70°. September was the warmest month and De- 

 cember the coldest. The maximum temperature, 105.5°, occurred September 16, 

 1913; the minimum, 36°, was recorded December 15, 1913, .and January 9, 

 1914. Frost occurred from November to March. The relati^ humidity aver- 

 aged 86 per cent morning and night, and the mean dew point was about 44° 

 in winter and 54° in summer. Nearly 40 per cent of the days were generally 

 clear. Fog was observed on 29 days. The total precipitation was 33.58 in. 

 or 7.12 in. more than the average. 



Meteorolog'ical observations, J. S. Stevens (Maine Sta. Bui. 2^5 {1915), pp. 

 S09-310). — A monthly and annual summary of observations at the University 

 of Maine on temperature, precipitation, cloudiness, and wind movement during 

 1915 is given. The mean temperature for the year was 46.21° F., as compared 

 with an average of 42.73° for 47 years; the total precipitation was 38.87 in., as 

 compared with mean annual precipitation of 42.67 in. for 47 years ; the snow- 

 fall was 49.1 in., as compared with 87.34 in. as the average of 47 years ; the 

 number of clear days was 177 ; the number of cloudy days, 121 ; and the total 

 movement of wind was 48,224 miles. 



Meteorological observations at the Massachusetts Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station, J. E. Ostkandeb and D. Potter {Massachusetts Sta. Met. Buls. 

 327, 328 {1916), pp. 4 each). — Summaries of observations at Amherst, Mass., on 

 pressure, temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind, sunshine, cloudiness, and 

 casual phenomena during March and April, 1916, are presented. The data are 

 briefly discussed in general notes on the weather of each month. 



Weather summaries, L. R. Waldbon {North Dakota Sta., Rpts. Dickinson 

 Suhsta., 1911, pp. 13, 14; 1912. pp. 16, 17; 1913, pp. 37-39 ) .—Observations at 

 Dickinson, N. Dak., during 1911, 1912, and 1913 on temperature and rainfall 

 are summarized by mouths and compared with the normals. Data relating to 

 early and late frosts are also given. 



Climatic conditions of Minnesota, U. G. Puessell ( Univ. Minn., Geol. Survey 

 Bui. 12 {1915), pp. 10-29, figs. 12). — The geographic and physiographic features 

 which affect the climate of the State are briefly described. 



The climate is continental, modified to a considerable extent by numerous 

 inland bodies of water. The State " is in the path of a large proportion of the 

 low-pressure areas which move across the United States from west to east. 

 These areas move at an average speed of 600 miles in 24 hours and are preceded 

 by southerly winds and higher temperature and followed by northerly winds 

 and lower temperature. They are usually accompanied by cloudy weather and 

 precipitation, each storm causing an average of from one to two rainy days as 

 it crosses the State. As there is an average of almost two of these storms each 



