1916] HOKTICULTUEE. 343 



kept and are here given showing the cost of top-working, as well as the amount 

 of fruit harvested from top-worked trees as compared with similar ungrafted 

 Fameuse trees. The total cost for one season in top-working these trees to 

 another variety was $1,215 per tree. 



An experiment was undertaken to determine whether apple scab could be con- 

 trolled to any extent by removing ami destroying the affected twigs before the 

 spores had a chance to germinate. The trees received the usual spraying. The 

 results, although not conclusive, indicate that the removal of the twigs does aid 

 in checking the scab. In the three previous years the trees had been sprayed 

 thoroughly without producing any marked improvement, whereas in the present 

 season they produced nearly all clean fruit in one of the worst scab seasons for 

 years. A similar experiment in removing and burning the fallen leaves early 

 in the spring indicates that this practice is also successful in checking the scab. 



The cherries cf Japan, E. H. Wixson (Pubs. Arnold Arboretum, No. 7 {1916), 

 pp. XIV +68, pis. 8). — This comprises an enumeration and description of the 

 Japanese species of cherries. The work is based upon investigations conducted 

 by the author in Japan, including studies of collected material and material 

 preserved in the herbarium of the Imperial Botanic Garden, Tokyo. 



Peach spraying experiments, 1915, Walter White orchard, near Centralia, 

 111,, O. S. Watkins (Trans. III. Hort. Soc, n. ser., 49 (1915), pp. 198-202).— 

 Tabular data are given showing the value of different sprays used on a two-acre 

 peach orchard at Centralia in 1915. The test included a number of brands of 

 arsenate of lead, soluble sulphur, copper ferrocyanid, commercial lime-sulphur, 

 and dust spray. 



The grape industry in California (Cal. State Bd. Yit. Comrs. Bui. 6 (1916), 

 pp. IS). — A statistical review of the grape, wine, and raisin industry in Cali- 

 fornia for the year 1915, including some comparative data for 1914. A table 

 is also given showing carload shipments of deciduous fruits. 



Report of the National Congress of Viticulture, held at Pamplona, Spain, 

 July, 1912 (Mem. Gen. Ses. Cong. Nac. Vit., 1912, pp. XXXIX+559, pis. 5, figs. 

 19). — This comprises a general account of the sessions of the National Con- 

 gress of Viticulture at Pamplona, Spain, in July, 1912, together with the papers, 

 some 50 in number, presented at the congress. 



The more important themes discussed include methods of combating various 

 insect pests and diseases ; protection of vineyards from late frosts and other cli- 

 matic disturbances ; marketing problems ; the culture of grapes in connection 

 with other crops ; the reconstitution of phylloxera-infested vineyards, including 

 observations on various American stocks ; direct-bearing grapes and hybrid 

 direct-bearing grapes ; adaptation of varieties to different types of soil ; fer- 

 tilizers ; methods of pruning ; methods of preparing and conserving wines ; and 

 methods of preventing the falsification of wines. Although the majority of the 

 papers relate to Spanish conditions, a number of papers by French viticulturists 

 and viticultural investigators were presented, together with papers on the viti- 

 cultural industries in Hungary, Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay. 



Grape growing in the Nasik District, H. V. Gole (Dept. Agr. Bombay Bui. 

 11 (1915), pp. 25, pis. 5). — A practical treatise on grape growing in the Nasik 

 District, India, the subject matter being based largely on the author's expe- 

 rience in growing Vinifera grapes. 



Renewing old citrus trees, A. D. Shamel (Cal. Citrogr., 1 (1916), No. 7, 

 pp. 2, 3, fig. 1). — The author cites the beneficial results secured as to yield and 

 quality of fruit when old apple trees are severely cut back. Attention is then 

 called to the practice employed in Bahia navel orange groves in which the 

 trees after 20 to 25 years begin to lose their power of producing profitable 



