432 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.35 



same material is present in the cotyledons as the transferable form of starch. 

 The concentration of cane sugar is greater in the cotyledons than in the embryo 

 and increases in the former when they are separated, decreasing in the latter 

 under that condition. The cotyledons contain only small proportions of reduc- 

 ing sugar. 



The mode of formation of cane sugar is not indicated by the results obtained in 

 these experiments. The formation of cane sugar from maltose is considered 

 improbable, but it is thought that starch may be hydrolyzed to monosaccharids. 

 and that this material may then form saccharose. It is considered probable 

 that both monosaccharids and disaccharids may appear as translocable forms of 

 starch. 



Some experiments on the influence of temperature on the rate of growth 

 in Pisum sativum, I. Leitch {Ann. Bot. [London], 30 (1916), So. Ill, pp. 25- 

 46, pi. 1, figs. 10. — In experiments with P. sativum the author has found that 

 the relation of growth to temperature can be expressed by a uniform curve from 

 — 2 to 29° C. Above this point the relation can no longer be expresse<l as a 

 curve, each higher temperature requiring a different curve to show tlie rate of 

 growth in successive intervals of time. Between 30 and 40° these are not sim- 

 ple time curves. A well-marked optimum appears to lie between 28 and 30°, and 

 the maximum rate temperature appears to be 30.3°. A bibliography is appended. 



Sap ascent, E. B. Copeland {Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. [Pringsheim], 56 (1915), 

 Pfeffer-Festschr., pp. 447-459, fig. 1). — Reviewing the literature of the forces 

 concerned in the elevation of sap in plants, the author describes experiments 

 carried out, claiming that living cells are not essential to the ascent of water 

 in stems and that differences in pressure of water columns in plant stems do not 

 necessarily correspond to differences in pressure in tubes containing water col- 

 ums of the same height. 



Th.e cohesion theory of water movement, O. Renxeb {Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 

 [Pringsheim], 56 {1915), Pfcffer-Festschr., pp. 611-661, pi. 1, figs. 4; abs. in 

 Naturicissenschaften, 3 (1915), No. 10, p. 136). — The author has studied the 

 forces and resistances concerned with water movement in plants, more par- 

 ticularly as noted in connection with deformation of the annulus in fern spor- 

 angia. Evidence was obtained in the study of water in the cells of the annulus 

 of a degree of tension amounting in extreme cases to 350 atmospheres. 



Cohesion and osmosis, C. Steinbrinck (Ber. Deut. Bot. Gesell., 33 {1915), 

 So. S. pp. 451-460). — This is a review of several contributions bearing upon 

 questions of cohesion and osmosis, giving more particular attention to recent 

 work by Renner as above noted. 



The cohesion of water in the annulus of the sporangium in ferns, A. 

 Uesprung (Ber. Deut. Bot. Gesell., 33 {1915), No. 3, pp. 153-162, figs. 2).— The 

 author claims to have found that distilled water in the cells of the sporangia] 

 annulus in ferns developed a tension of about 300 atmospheres. 



Views of biological adsorption phenomena, F. Czapek {Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 

 [Pringsheim], 56 {1915), Pfeffer-Festschr., pp. 84-111).— This is a review of 

 some investigations and opinions since 1803 regarding adsorption and related 

 phenomena, dealing somewhat particularly with the more recent developments 

 concerning phenomena of the colloidal state and cell behavior in connection 

 therewith. 



Studies on the entrance of salts into living cells, H. Fitting {Jahrb. Wiss. 

 Bot. [Pring.<shf'im], 56 {1915), Pfeffer-Festschr., pp. 1-64, fi9»- 5).— The several 

 divisions of this report deal with the method iB^'olved, the rapidity of entrance 

 of potassium nitrate into the cell, the association of this salt with a decrea.se 

 of permeability to water, the causation of alterations in permeability for this 



