316 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.35 



tions it is possible to separate completely the fatty and other nonprotein ma- 

 terial from the proteins so that they can be obtained in a high state of purity. 



Analytical data of the protein content of dog, rabbit, chicken, and fish (hali- 

 but) muscle are included. 



The rapid analysis of milk, G. P^gukier (Ann. Chim. Analyt., 21 {1916), 

 No. Jf, pp. 70-73, fig. 1). — The author describes rapid procedures for the determi- 

 nation of the specific gravity, fat, and lactose, to be used in the field for ascer- 

 taining the purity and food value of milk. The specific gravity is determined 

 in the usual manner ; the fat in an ordinary or a specially graduated test tube, 

 by extraction with an alcohol-ether mixture after the addition of a few drops 

 of alkali ; and the lactose by Fehling's solution, after precipitation of the 

 protein with a reagent composed of phenol and acetic and citric acids in 95 

 per cent alcohol. 



Note on human milk, G. D. Elsdon {Analyst, 41 {1916), No. 480, p. 74).— 

 The following figures, obtained from 67 complete analyses representing the 

 average percentage composition of human milk, are submitted : Total solids 

 11.7, protein 1.19, fat 3.11, ash 0.21, solids-not-fat 8.59, and lactose 7.18 per cent. 

 In 79 other samples the total solids averaged 11.78, fat 3.28, and solids-not-fat 

 8.5 per cent. 



[Methods of direct sucrose determinations in the presence of reducing 

 sugars], M. A. Schneller {Louisiana Stas. Rpt. 1915, p. 14)- — In the methods 

 based on the action of small amounts of alkali on the rotary power of the 

 reducing sugars several sources of error were found to be inherent, which are 

 summarized as follows: "(1) The residuary levorotation introduces a con- 

 siderable error, especially with material high in reducing sugar and with 

 methods using a weak concentration of alkali. (2) Stronger concentrations of 

 alkali reduce this levorotation but introduce a second serious error due to the 

 decrease of sucrose rotation by the neutralized alkali. (3) The incidental use 

 of oxidants (as hydrogen peroxid) also causes a destruction of sucrose. Ap- 

 parently correct results are possible by compensation of errors due to (1) 

 and (3)." 



Studies on the analysis and analytical products of glucose, T. van deb 

 Linden {Arch. Siiikerindus. Nederland. Indie, 23 {1915), No. 52, pp. 1979-1994; 

 Meded. Proefstat. Java-Suikerindus., 5 {1915), No. 22, pp. 609-624).— In the 

 analysis of invert sugar by barium or calcium hydroxids at 80° C. the author 

 has obtained appreciable amounts of saccharic and gluconic acid, together with 

 a small amount of oxalic acid. Formic acid was also formed, but the presence 

 of lactic acid could not be determined. The acids were isolated in a pure form 

 by precipitation with neutral, basic, or ammoniacal lead acetate. The experi- 

 mental procedures used in the work are described in detail. 



The American Leather Chemists Association, 1916 {Amer. Leather Chetn. 

 Assoc. IBy-laivs, etcl, 1916, pp. 37). — This pamphlet outlines in detail the 

 official methods for the analysis of vegetable materials containing tannin, for 

 sampling tanning materials, and for leather analysis. Provisional methods for 

 the analysis of sulphonated oils, moellons, and hard greases are also included. 



[Report of the] bacteriological department, W. L. Owen {Louisiana Stas. 

 Rpt. 1915, pp. 11-13). — From results obtained in a study of the deterioration 

 of sugars, and the principal factors affecting it, " it appears that neither the 

 moisture alone, nor when used in conjunction with the factor of safety, fur- 

 nishes a reliable criterion of the keeping quality of a sugar, but that its degree 

 of infection must also be taken into consideration." 



In a study of the species of micro-organisms causing deterioration of sugar, 

 18 cultures of bacteria and 20 cultures of yeast were obtained from sugar. 

 "There appears to be considerable variation in the deteriorative powe'* of the 



