19161 ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 463 



findings of Ross in Canada tliat apterous and alate viviparous females and 

 pupae occur on the common or broad-leaved plantain (Plantago major) and 

 English or narrow-leaved plantain (P. lanceolata) . 



Notes on the acarid and insect enemies of cultivated plants observed in 

 the Province of Turin in 1913, G. Bella Beffa {Ann. R. Accad. Agr. Torino, 

 51 (1914), pp. 35-78, figs. i2).— These notes relate to 342 insect pests. 



Contribution to the knowledge of West African insect pests of plants, 

 P. Zacheb (Tropenpflanzer, 18 {1915), No. 9-10, pp. 50^-534, figs. 35).— A gen- 

 eral survey of the field, including a list with the scientific, German, and local 

 namee of 82 insects, the nature of their injury, and the locality where found. 



Annual report of the government entomologist, W. Small {Ann. Rpt. Dept. 

 Agr. Uganda, 1915, pp. 71-78). — A report upon the occurrence of and work with 

 the insect enemies of coffee, cacao, rubber, cotton, etc. 



Report of the entomologist, W. H. Patterson {Govt. Gold Coast, Rpt. Agr. 

 Dept., 1914, PP- 21-24). — A brief report of the work of the year. 



The ecology of some endophytic larvae. — Observations and experiments, 

 E. Rabaud {Bui. Sci. France et Belg., 46 {1912), No. 1, pp. 1-28, fig. 1; 48 

 {1914), No. 2, pp. 81-159, fig. i).— The first paper deals with Olethreutes 

 oblongana in the heads of wild teazel {Dipsacus sylvestris) ; the second with 

 Myelois cribrella and some other caterpillars which live in the heads of mem- 

 bers of the thistle tribe. 



Locusts {Agr. News IBarbadosI, 14 {1915), No. 343, p. 202). — An invasion of 

 Trinidad by the South American migratory locust {Schistocerca paranensis) is 

 reported. Large swarms began to arrive on Chacachacare Island from Vene- 

 zuela on May 30. 



A preliminary list of the Jassoidea of Missouri with notes on species, 

 E. H. Gibson and E. S. Cogan {Ohio Jour. Sci., 16 {1915), No. 2, pp. 71-78). 



The stick-lac insect, L. Dupobt {Bui. Econ. Indochine, n. ser., 18 {1915), 

 No. 112, pp. 182-189). — An account is given of the biology of this scale 

 {Tachardia lacca) and its natural enemies. 



The development of the Phylloxera vastatrix leaf gall, H. R. Rosen 

 {Science, n. ser., 43 {1916), No. 1102, pp. 216, 217).— The author finds that the 

 withdrawal by phylloxera of a large amount of material at one point from 

 tender growing leaves with subsequent changes in tension and pressure at that 

 point and certain structural peculiarities of the gall itself all suggest the suck- 

 ing action as the initial stimulus for gall production. 



Woolly pear aphis, A. C. Bakeb and W. M. Davidson {U. S. Dept. Agr., 

 Jour. Agr. Research, 6 {1916), No. 10, pp. 351-360, fig. i).— The woolly aphis 

 known for some years to attack pear roots in California and previously con- 

 sidered to be the woolly apple aphis {Eriosoma lanigerum), which it resembles 

 in both habit and structure, has been found by the authors to represent a new 

 species which they here describe as E. pyricola. In addition to the description 

 the authors consider its history, habits, spread, and biology. The species 

 occurs over practically all the pear sections of northern and central California, 

 where in some regions it is very destructive, and is recorded as having been 

 collected at Wooster, Ohio, in the fall of 1897 on roots of pear stock received 

 from France the preceding spring. It appears to have been present in Cali- 

 fornia for more than 20 years, having ruined some 2,000 French seedlings in 

 one block about ten years ago. 



This species works entirely underground, apparently attacking the roots of 

 all types of pears, although especially injurious to the French wild stock so 

 largely used in California as a stock for the Bartlett. It works especially upon 

 the smaller fibrous rootlets and may be encountered on any such rootlets within 

 the topmost 3 ft. of soil and perliaps deeper. The infestations are usually 



