440 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.35 



at 1,100 lbs. per acre. "Assuming the value of 1,100 lbs. per acre as an average 

 total productivity and 50 per cent of that amount as maintenance capacity for 

 the range, then, if the average animal eats the equivalent of 30 lbs. of dry 

 feed per day he will need 11,000 lbs. in a year, and it will take 10 acres of 

 land to furnish that amount at full productivity, and 20 acres of land at main- 

 tenance capacity. Thus we have an average value for carrying capacity equal 

 to 20 acres per head per year, or 32 head per section, for the reserve." 



Record was also kept of animal-days' feed consumed for a period of five years 

 on about 16 per cent of the best part of the reserve. The average carrying 

 capacity for 7^ sections, or one-eighth of the whole reserve stocked with cattle 

 was 14.1 acres per head per year. It is stated that this carrying capacity is 

 considerably above that for the whole range. On one of the pastures stocking 

 at the average rate of 58 acres per head per year was considerably below 

 the limit of maintenance capacity, the pasture so stocked being not noticeably 

 diffei-ent in condition from adjacent land not pastured for 11 years. 



Cereal crops in the Panhandle of Texas, J. F. Ross {U. S. Dept. Agr., 

 Farmers' Bui. 738 {1916), pp. 15, figs. 5). — Tlie topography, soil, and climate, 

 including rainfall, humidity, wind, evaporation, and temperature are noted, 

 and farming in the region is discussed. Brief directions are given for the 

 culture of small grains, and the adaptability, importance, yield, quality, va- 

 rieties, and rates and date of seeding each crop are taken into account. The 

 small-grain crops considered given in the order of their importance as based 

 on average yields are winter wheat, spring oats, winter barley, winter rye, 

 proso, durum spring wheat, common spring wheat, winter spelt, and winter 

 emmer. The grain sorghums, especially varieties of milo maize, Kafir corn, and 

 feterita, are regarded as the most important grain crops for the region. 



Fodder grasses of Java, X-XIII, C. A. Backer {Tcysinannia, 25 (1914), 

 Nos. J,, pp 209-215, pis. 3; 5-6, pp. 298-317, pi. 1; 9, pp 523-549; 26 (1915), 

 No. 1-2, pp. 86-98, pi. 1). — These articles, which are in continuation of previous 

 work (E. S. R., 31, p. 431), present botanical and cultural notes on Isachne 

 firimila, I. niiUacea, I. montana, Panicum miliacetnn, and Paspalnra niuticum. 

 P. mUiaceum, is discussed at some length, and in addition to its botanical char- 

 acters attention is given to its culture, feeding value, and chemical composition. 



Eleven years' experiments with, field carrots on sandy soil at Plahult, 

 H. VON Feilitzen [Svenska MossJcMltnrfor. Tidskr., 29 (1915), No. 4-5, pp. 293- 

 317). — Field carrots vi'ere grown on sandy soil of low fertility and drought 

 resistance. The carrots followed rye and the soil was fertilized with manure 

 and received in addition an application of superphosphate, potash salts, and 

 nitrate of soda. The yields per hectare for different years were as follows : 

 1904, 29.9 tons; 1905, 17 tons; 1906, 42.9 tons; 1907, 17.8 tons; 1909, 43.9 tons; 

 1913, 39.9 tons ; 1910, 50.1 tons ; and 1914, 39.3 tons. 



The variation in yield from year to year was mostly due to the differences 

 in the amount of precipitation. The application of the manure in the fall 

 gave better results than applying it in the spring. White Belgian and Cham- 

 pion were the most promising varieties grown. 



Button clover, R. McKee (U. S. Dept. Agr., Farmers' Bui. 730 (1916), pp. 9, 

 figs. 3). — This publication gives a description of button clover, enumerates the 

 climatic, soil, and moisture requirements of the plant, points out its value for 

 hay, pasture, and green manure, and presents directions for its culture. Tabu- 

 lated data show that button clover at Chico, Cal., for the four years beginning 

 1908 yielded from 790 to 1,100 lbs. of seed per acre as compared with from 255 

 to 407 lbs. for toothed bur clover during the thi-ee years beginning 1908. 



Tests were made in 1915 with seed stored for different lengths of time. 

 Seed grown in 1912 showed a germination of 58 per cent with 2 per cent of 



