458 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol.35 



Wisley laboratory on control methods for peach leaf curl due to Exoascus de- 

 formans. 



Of the two principal preparations of copper sulphate in common use, from 

 either of which, if properly made and applied, a film of insoluble and hence 

 nonpoisonous copper is deposited over the surface of the leaves, the metal 

 being rendered soluble in sufficient quantity to kill the fungi when their secre- 

 tions come in contact with this deposit, Burgundy mixture was chosen for the 

 tests on account of such advantages as the procurability and easy preservation 

 of its ingredients, the convenience in its preparation, and its freedom from 

 gritty particles, which, in case of Bordeaux mixture, tend to clog and wear 

 the nozzles. The gelatinous suspension of copper carbonate which appears 

 when the copper and the sodium salt are mixed cold and which, while harm- 

 less to the plant, is deadly to the fungus, also increases the degree of ad- 

 hesiveness, and this is further augmented by addition of a little milk. The 

 experiments thus point to the possibility of a still further increased efficiency 

 in the use of Burgundy mixture. In most cases, excellent results followed the 

 use of the Wisley Burgundy mixture, in which 0.75 pint milk was added to 

 9.75 oz. copper sulphate and 11 oz. sodium carbonate contained in 3 gal. water. 

 Pathological histology of strawberries affected by species of Botrytis and 

 Rhizopus, N. P]. Stevens (U. S. Dcpt. Agr., Jour. Agr. Research, 6 {1916), No. 

 10, pp. 361-366, pis. 2).— In a previous publication (E. S. R., 31, p. 645) F. L. 

 Stevens, reporting on some diseases of strawberries, stated that, while a 

 species of Botrytis is the primnry cause of the condition known as leaks, it 

 merely initiates the troul)le, opening the way for other saprophytes, such as 

 Rhizopus. In order to determine as far as possible the relations of these fungi 

 in rotting berries, the author carried on experiments, noting particularly the 

 differences which exist in their method of attacking the fruit. 



The Botrytis was found to penetrate all parts of the berry, growing within 

 the cells as well as between them, and to ramify through the tissues of the 

 berry, filling them with a network of mycelium. On the other hand, the myce- 

 lium of Rhizopus was found chiefly in the outer portion of the berry, the hyphae 

 growing between the cells, separating them, and apparently extracting the cell 

 sap. In comparatively few cases were both fungi found on the same berry, 

 and in no instance has the author found Rhizopus following in a berry originally 

 infected with Botrytis. He considers that Rhizopus sp. is not dependent on the 

 presence of any other fungus in its attacks on strawberries during shipment 

 and on the market. 



Notes on diseases of cultivated crops observed in 1913-14, S. F. Ashby 

 {Bui. Dcpt. Agr. Jamaica, n. ser., 2 {1915), No. 8, pp. 299-327, pis. 2).— The 

 author gives the results of observations on diseases affecting coconut palms, 

 cacao, banana, and citrus fruits, with recommendations regarding fungicides, 

 insecticides, and spraying outfits. 



A rot of bananas, J. F. Dastub {Agr. Jour. India, 10 {1915), No. 3, pp. 278- 

 284, pis. 3). — Reporting observations made on a disease of banana at Pusa since 

 May, 1914, the author points out some resemblances and differences between 

 the organism found in connection therewith, a Fusarium with a Cephalosporium 

 stage, and that reported by Drost and Ashby (E. S. R., 29, p. 350) to be the 

 cause of the Panama disease of bananas. 



A fungus disease of banana, D. Thomatis {Bol. Dir. Gen. Agr. [Mexieol, 5 

 {1915), No. 1, pp. 59-61). — In parts of Oaxaca and Tabasco, banana culture is 

 threatened with serious loss from a disease which is but little known at this 

 time, but which has been provisionally described as being associated with a 

 fungus and as affecting the character and circulation of the sap. It may be 

 identical with a disease of banana in the western portion of Cuba. 



