1916] ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 377 



The composition of tlie subcutaneous matter is given as water 13.2 per cent, 

 protein 55, fat 2G.5, and asli 5.2. 



Color in horses, J. W. Thompson (Breeder's Gaz., 69 (1916), No. 10, pp. 1020, 

 1021). — The author pre.sents data tending to show that English racing records 

 demonstrate that bay is predominantly a color of speed and bottom. 



Licensed stallions in Utah during' the season of 1915, W. E. Cakroll 

 (Utah Sta. Circ. 19 (1916), pp. 3-20 ) .—Tables showing the distribution of 

 licensed stallions by counties and breeds for the State of Utah are given. 



Capsule method of breeding mares, W. E. Caeeoll and H. J, Fbedeeick 

 (Utah Sta. Circ. 20 (1916), pp. 3-6, fig. i).— This circular treats of the advan- 

 tages and methods of capsule breeding of mares. 



Better horses for Utah, W, E. Caekoll (Utah. Sta. Circ. 18 (1916), pp. 3-10, 

 fig. 1). — This circular treats of the number and prices of horses in the United 

 States, the type of horse most in demand, the need of improvement, and the 

 Utah stallion license law as a factor in the improvement of horses. 



Some fertility experiments, B. F. Kaupp (Poultry Item, 18 (1915), No. 2, 

 pp. 6, 7, 86-90, fig. 1). — Extensive data collected at the North Carolina Experi- 

 ment Station indicate that under ordinary conditions a fertility of from 80 to 

 90 per cent should be obtained and that from 80 to 90 per cent of the fertile 

 eggs should hatch. Fertility rapidly declines after the removal of the cocks. 

 It is not advisable to save eggs for hatching after the male birds have been re- 

 moved from the pen for five days. If the hens mated have been running with 

 mongrel cocks all spermatozoa in the oviducts of the hens should be dead by the 

 eighteenth day, thus making it safe to save the eggs after that time. 



[Poultry husbandry] (Minnesota Sta. Rpt. 1915, pp. Jfl, ^2). — It has been 

 found that the labor cost per pound of raising chicks is greater before they 

 are placed on range than afterward, but contrary to the opinion of some the 

 food cost per pound is greater with the larger chicks. Chicks artificially 

 hatched and reared were fed at less cost than when reared by the natural 

 process, that is, when the cost of feeding the mother hens was reckoned with 

 the cost of feeding the chicks. With a plentiful supply of skim or sour milk 

 the feed cost per pound of chicks five weeks old or less varied from a little over 

 4 cts. to a little over 6 cts. 



Results of experiments indicate that a confined area for breeding flocks re- 

 sults in an excess of infertile eggs and chicks of less vitality. Several trials 

 with eggs from flocks confined to small yards compared with those from flocks 

 that had free range, at least half the time, showed more than twice the percent- 

 age of infertile eggs from the flocks in the small yards. 



Teaching the young stock to roost, Me. and Mes. G. R. Shoup (Washington 

 Sta., West M'ash. Sta. Mo. Bui., 4 (1916), No. 2, pp. 10-14, fins. 5).— The use of 

 a modified King ventilating system and a forced roost apparatus is described, 

 and plans for their construction are given. 



Report on experiments on the feeding of poultry and on the feeding of 

 chickens and ducklings conducted during 1913-14, Agnes Kinross (West of 

 Scot. Agr. Col. Bui. 66 [i9i5], pp. 22). — Data are given on the cost of keeping 

 poultry, the feeding of chickens from birth to a laying age, the feeding of table 

 chickens from birth to a marketable age, and the feeding of table ducklings. 



Buttermilk cheese versus meat meal in broiler duck raising, B. F. Katjpp 

 (Poultry Item, 18 (1916), No. 7, pp. 8-10) .—Three lots of ducks were fed the 

 following rations : Lot 1, wheat bran, corn meal, and buttermilk cheese, 2:4:2; 

 lot 2, wheat bran, corn meal, and beef scrap, 2:4:1; and lot 3, wheat bran, 

 corn meal, and buttermilk cheese, 2:4:3. 



The buttermilk cheese was made as follows: The fine-grained curd result- 

 ing from pasteurizing sour cream was brought into solution by a small quan- 



