486 EXPERIMENT STATION BECORD. [VoL 55 



anaphrlactic. Serum containing a sufficient excess of the ' protective ' antibody, 

 when transferred to normal animals, initiates in them the phenomena of active 

 immunity. MLstures of the two types of serum seem still more effective in 

 conferring immunity. The metabolism of the body cells is specifically modified 

 by combination with these antibodies in such a way as to give rise to hjT)er- 

 sensitization on the one hand or to active inamunity on the other." 



Senrm. antitrypsin during inanition. — Studies on ferment action, XIX, 

 J. W. JoBLTSG and W. Petxrsex (Ztschr. ImmunUatsf. u. Expt. Ther., I, Orig., 

 24 {1915), Ifo. S, pp. 219-2S4. figs. 5). — During the fasting period a marked 

 decrease in the amount of serum antitrypsin is evident. The lowering of the 

 antitryptic titer is accompanied by an increase of nonprecipitatable nitrogen 

 in the serum, which indicates a protein intoxication. Such periods of intoxi- 

 cation are followed by a rise in antitryptic titer. Through this increase of 

 antitrypsin a further protease action of the serum can be overcome. The 

 premortal nitrogen excretion very shortly follows the period of lowest anti- 

 tryptic titer and subsequent increase in nonprecipitatable nitrogen in the 

 serum. 



Death by starvation is caused by an intoxication from split protein products. 

 The experiments reported confirm the conclusion of Schulz that the influence 

 of the metabolic processes during the starvation period Is dependent not only on 

 the quantity of fat but also on an autointoxication resulting from the altered 

 balance of the ferment-antiferment system. A marked leucocytosls Is noted 

 in the dog at such times of intoxication. Diluting the serum dtiring intoxica- 

 tion does not prevent death. 



Protein metabolism seems to be markedly influenced by the amotmt of anti- 

 trypsin in the blood. If the titer is high Little nitrogen Is excreted. If the 

 titer is low, however, a relatively large excretion takes place. 



See also a previous note CE. S. R., 32, p. 678). 



The occurrence of the coagTilation reaction in anaphylactic shock and in 

 poisoning with anaphylatoxin, L. HrBSCHFEnj) and R. Klingeb (ZUchr. 

 Imtnunitatsf. u. Expt. Ther., I, Orig., 24 (1915), A'o. 5. pp. 2.3.5-257).— In the 

 blood of animals (rabbit, guinea pig, and dog) which had been actively or 

 passively sensitized a positive coagulation reaction of the blood set In a few 

 minutes after the relnjection of antigen, even though previously treated with 

 variotLS organ extracts (cytozym emulsions). The same change was noted after 

 the injection of anaphylatoxin into guinea pigs. The blood of these animals 

 thus shows the characteristic property previously encountered only in the case 

 of syphllltlcs. 



Vaccine treatment, L. HzKTOE^f (-Jour. Amer. Med. As^oc., 66 {1916), No. 21, 

 pp. 1591-1594 )■ — " If the presentations In this paper are trustworthy, it may be 

 concluded that the general results so far from the routine use of commercial 

 vaccines, polyvalent and mixed, have no value as evidence for or against the 

 curative usefulness of vaccine treatment, and hence no value, either, with re- 

 spect to the soundness of the theory on which vaccine treatment primarily 

 has been developed. 



" In subacute and chronic localized Infections, the results appear to Indicate 

 that specific vaccines properly and skillfully used have value, quite likely 

 becau.se they increase the production of specific antibodies as demanded by 

 the theory, but probably also because they stlmtilate leucocytlc and other 

 activities. 



" In typhoid fever, and possibly also in other Infectious diseases, the in- 

 travenous injection of specific vaccines and also of other substances may 

 induce crisis and prompt recovery. The mechanism of this action is not fully 

 understood; but as it involves something more than or different from specific 



