550 EXPERIMENT STATION EECORD. [Vol. 35 



injury to the fruit. Soluble sulphur was tested two years, and while it proved 

 an efficient fungicide, at the dilutions tested it is considered unsafe as a summer 

 spray for apple foliage. Another proprietary compound used was atomic sul- 

 phur. This caused no injury to the fruit or foliage, and scab control and per- 

 centage of perfect apples was nearly the same as that secured with lime sulphur. 



" Sooty blotch " of the pear, E. S. Salmon and H. Wormald ( Gard. Chron., 

 3. ser., 59 (1916), No. 1518, pp. 58, 59, figs. ^).— Sooty blotch of pear and apple is 

 described, with the differences apparent between these two hosts. It is con- 

 sidered probable that the disease is caused by Leptothyrium carpophilum, 

 though the pycnidial stage of the fungus has not yet been found. The disease 

 is distinguished from scab (Fusicladium) by the fact, among others mentioned, 

 that the sooty blotch develops after the fruits are stored. 



Crown g'all on raspberries and blackberries, P. Thayer {Mo. Bui. Ohio Sta., 



1 (,1916), No. 7, p. 218). — An account is given of a study on the occurrence of 

 crown gall on raspberries and blackberries. In 1911, 99 rows, including all 

 the leading varieties of blackberries and raspberries, were planted, and in 1916 

 the plantation was dug out and the plants all inspected. Of the black and 

 purple raspberries, not a single sound plant was found and all varieties of 

 red and yellow raspberries were more or less subject to root gall, although 

 there was considerable variation in the amount of infection. A marked im- 

 munity was shown by the blackberries. With the exception of a few nodules 

 found on the variety Lawton and a few canes of McDonald not a single plant 

 of the native varieties of blackberry was found affected. 



[Grape diseases] (Bol. Agr. [Sao Paulo], 16. ser., 1915, Nos. 10, pp. 836- 

 845; 11, pp. 921-936, figs. 4; 12, pp. 1017-1022, figs. 2).— Information is given 

 regarding two fungus diseases of grape, Peronospora viticola and Oidium 

 tuckeri, which cause loss in SSo Paulo, also regarding their control by copper 

 and other sprays employed in connection with these two diseases. 



Citrus canker. F. A. Wolf (Alabama Col. Sta. Bui. 190 (1916), pp. 91-100, 

 pis. 2, figs. 6). — In a previous publication, the author gave an account of inves- 

 tigations of citrus canker (E. S. R., 35, p. 152). The present publication con- 

 tains a brief account of the more important results of these investigations, 

 together with a compilation of information drawn from other sources. 



A disease of tlie oil palm in the Belgian Kongo (Bui. Imp. Inst. [So. Ken- 

 sington], 13 (1915), No. 3, pp. 479, 480). — Attention is called to a fungus thought 

 to be identical with Ganoderma tumidum, attacking as a rule mature, but also 

 sometimes young, palm trees in the Belgian Kongo. The fungus may persist 

 after thje death and disintegration of the tree. It is suggested that all dis- 

 eased trees be totally destroyed and the affected area surrounded by a trench 



2 ft. deep and treated with freshly slaked lime. 



Septoria disease of chrysanthemum, R. Latjbebt (Handelsbl. Deut. Gar- 

 tenbau, SO (1915), pp. 17, 18; abs. in Ztschr. Pfianzenkrank., 25 (1915), No. 2, 

 p. 118). — Besides noting a severe local attack of 8. chrys anthem ella on C. i7id.i- 

 cum in Zehlendorf in December, 1914, the author discusses the previous dis- 

 tribution and developmental conditions of this disease. 



Causation and control of breaking sickness in tulips, C. Hammarlund 

 (Meddel. Centralanst. Forsoksv. Jordbruksomrddet, No. 105 (1915), pp. 23, pi. 1, 

 figs. 5; K. Landtbr. Akad. Handl. och Tidskr., 54 (1915), No. 2, pp. 89-109, pi. 1, 

 figs. 5). — Giving an account of studies on tulips, which, after blooming nor- 

 mally, suddenly developed a break in the stem, the author claims that the 

 trouble is due to means used to force development. Measures recommended 

 to prevent the weakness are avoidance of very close planting, of excessive 

 watering, and of a close, damp atmosphere in the hothouse. 



