552 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. I Vol. 35 



"the marked increase in efficiency attained with tlie oil more than warrants 

 its use. For complete safety to the foliage, the oil applications should be 

 made before the buds burst. Apparently no permanent injury occurred in our 

 experimental plats this season from the late applications, but the margin of 

 safety is extremely small and such a procedure should not be generally 

 followed." 



Codling moth infestation was very severe during 1915 throughout the entire 

 Northwest, the loss from this source in the Hood River Valley being about 

 twice that of 1914. In response to inquiries relative to the advisability of 

 mixing the arsenate of lead with the fungicides, investigations were conducted 

 with arsenate of lead in combination with lime-sulphur and iron sulphid, 

 lime-sulphur and atomic sulphur, lime-sulphur and barium tetrasulphid, and 

 with milled sulphur and Bordeaux mixture. In no case was the efficiency of 

 the poison descr eased. 



It was found that during the year the greater percentage of worms entered 

 the fruit through the side rather than at the calyx end. Experiments conducted 

 show clearly tliat one application, whether it be the "calyx" or the one pre- 

 ceding the hatching of the eggs, will not control the moths. The station 

 recommends two different schedules of sprays for the season of 1916. " The 

 first two applications will be the same in both cases — that is, the calyx and 

 '30-day' spray for the control of the first brood of worms. Where a loss of 

 not more than 8 per cent was experienced in 1915, one well-timed summer spray 

 should prove very effective in controlling the second generation. This should 

 be applied in early August. The date will be dependent upon weather condi- 

 tions. . . . Where the infestation during 1915 was found to be more than S 

 or 10 per cent, two summer applications should be made to control the codling 

 moth. The third spray should be made about July 20 and the fourth toward 

 the middle or last of August." 



Observations relating to the woolly aphis and strawberry root weevil are 

 also briefly noted. 



The locust borer (Cyllene robinio) and other insect enemies of the black 

 locust, H. Gakman {Kentucky Sta. Bui. 200 (1916), pp. 99-135, pis. 22, fig. 1).— 

 The data here presented have previously been noted from another source 

 (E. S. R., 35, p. 355). 



Two troublesome pests of man, R. D. Whitmaesh (Mo. Bui. Ohio Sta., 1 

 {1916), 'No. 7. pp. 221-224, fids. 2). — Brief accounts are given of chiggers and 

 sandflies and methods of prevention and control. 



Aleyrodidse, or white flies attacking the orang'e, with descriptions of three 

 new species of economic importance, A. L. Quaintance and A. C. Bakeb ( U. S. 

 Dept. Agr., .Jour. Agr. Research, 6 {1916), No. 12, pp. 459-412, pis. 6, figs. 3).— 

 This paper brings together information on the distribution and food plants of 

 the white flies which attack citrus plants, 16 in number, of which 3 of economic 

 importance are described as new to science, namely, Aleurocanthus citriperdus 

 from Ceylon, India, and Java ; A. woglumi from India, Ceylon, Cuba, Jamaica, 

 the Bahamas, and the Philippines ; and Aleurothrixus porteri from Chile and 

 Brazil. 



A list of 20 references to the literature cited is included. 



Studies of life histories of leaf hoppers of Maine, H. Osboen {Maine Sta. 

 Bui. 248 {1916), pp. 53-80, pis. 5, figs. 8). — This bulletin presents the results 

 of studies made during the summer of 1914 in continuation of those begun in 

 1913 and previously reported upon (E. S. R., 33, p. 356). 



A chemical analysis made of timothy by the station chemist indicates that the 

 leafhoppers not only reduce the quiintity but lessen the food value of the crop 

 attacked. 



