1916] ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 759 



as to bow the causative agent of wilt disease of the gipsy moth is spread. It 

 apparently is not essentially a wind-borne disease. Certain insects occurring 

 abundantly in association with the disease frequent the foliage of trees, and were 

 found to carry polybedra after contact with the wilt, which indicates that they 

 may assist in spreading the infection. 



Observations of the pine spinner in the g^reater coniferous forests in 

 Neustadt-an-der-Warthe, 1913-14, Seitner (Centbl. Gcsnm. Forstw., 41 

 (1915), No. 5-6, pp. 161-173, figs. 5).— A report of observations of the biology, 

 parasitism, etc., of Gastropacha pin4 during the course of an outbreak of the pest 

 in 1913-14. 



Four European Diptera established in North America, F. Knab (Insecutor 

 Inscitice Menstrvus, 4 {1916), No. 1-3, pp. 1-4). — The author's study tends to 

 show that Pegomya vicina of lantner is a synonym of P. hyoscyami. This 

 pest appears to be widely distributed in North America, probably occurring 

 wherever the sugar beet is cultivated, since it is known to range as far south 

 as Washington, D. C, in the East and into southern California in the West. 



Hydrotcea meteorica is said to be abundant and troublesome to cattle in 

 Montana, and is also known to occur in Colorado and North Dakota. The 

 borborid Lcptocera sylvatica is recorded from Arlington, Va. 



The hippoboscid Lynchia maura, a common parasite of the domestic pigeon 

 in the Mediterranean region, is said to have been collected from this host at 

 Key West, Fla. It is also recorded as occurring in Iowa, Georgia, Cuba, 

 Brazil, and Venezuela, and has recently made its appearance and become very 

 common on pigeons in Hawaii. 



Tan3rpezidas in the United States, F. Knab and R. C. Shannon (Insecutor 

 InsciticB Menstrmis, 4 (1916), No. 1-S, pp. 33-36). 



A revision of the nomenclature of Indian Anophelini, S. R. Christophers 

 (Indian Jour. Med. Research, S (1916), No. 3, pp. 454^488). — This paper, relat- 

 ing to the malarial mosquitoes, deals with some 38 species. It includes a table 

 for their separation and a list of references to systematic work on the species 

 and to the transmission of malaria by particular Indian species. 



An Indian tree-hole breeding Anopheles, A. barianensis (Coelodiazesis 

 plumbeus), S. R. Christophers (Indian Jour. Med. Research, 3 (1916), No. 

 3, pp. 489-496, pi. 1). — The author reports observations of the breeding habits 

 of this species, previously unknown, and gives descriptions of the immature 

 stages. 



Anopheles crucians, their infectibility with the parasites of tertian 

 malaria, M. B. Mitzmain (Pttb. Health Rpts. [J7. S.], SI (1916), No. 12, pp. 

 164, 165). — " In the course of a series of infectivity experiments with A. puncti- 

 pennis, conducted in New Orleans, 19 specimens of A. crucians were fed simul- 

 taneously, February 6 and 7, 1916, on the blood of an individual suffering from 

 tertian malarial fever. Examination of the blood of this case showed large 

 numbers of asexual parasites and but few mature garaetocytes. . . . The 38 

 specimens of A. punctipennis used in parallel feedings from the same case serve 

 as a control series, 11 of these becoming infected from the sixth to the six- 

 teenth day after biting; in 6 of these the salivary glands were extensively 

 invaded with sporozoites. Two specimens of A. quadrimaculatus used under 

 the same conditions as the foregoing remained negative throughout the course 

 of the experiment." 



An investigation of the supposed immunity of some varieties of wheat to 

 the attack of Hessian fly, L. Haseman (Jour. Econ. Ent., 9 (1916), No. 2, pp. 



291-294). The aurhor concludes from the data presented that some varieties 



of wlieat are more severely attacked by the fly than others. 



