674 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. [Vol. 35 



A plan for a soiling crop on the basis of ten cows and adapted to Nebraska 

 conditions is given. Experiments indicate that milk fat produced from soiling 

 crops will be more expensive than where produced upon silage or pasture 

 Among the soiling crops used alfalfa produced milk and milk fat at the lowest 

 cost. 



The feeding of dairy cows, H. Rabild, H. P. Davis, and W. K. Brainebd 

 (U. S. Dept. Agr., Farmers' Bid. 74S (1916), pp. 23). — This discusses the fac- 

 tors involved in the economical selection of feeds and methods of feeding, 

 including a discussion of various feeding stuffs and suggested rations. 



Cost of milk and fat on pasture and in stable {Ann. Rpt. Ontario Agr. Col. 

 and Expt. Farm., 4I {1915), p. 31). — During the months of June, July, August, 

 and September 32 cows were pastured and 15 cows were fed in the stable on 

 rations identical with those used in the winter. The results were that group 

 1 produced milk at an average of 45.1 cts. per 100 lbs. and butter fat at 11 

 cts. per pound, and group 2, m.ilk at 86 cts. per 100 lbs. and butter fat at 22 

 cts. per pound. 



Fourth report on the cost of food in the production of milk in the counties 

 of Kent and Surrey, G. H. Garrad (Southeast. Agr. Col. Wye, Rpt. Cost Food 

 Prod. Milk 4 (1915), pp. 95). — This is a continuation of work previously noted 

 (E. S. R., 33, p. 276). Data on the cost of feed in the production of milk 

 for the period from May 1, 1914, to May 1, 1915, and a brief summary of 

 the results of the past three years' work are given. 



ft appears that the more milk a cow gives the cheaper becomes the cost 

 of feed per gallon, and the most economical herds are those that yield well on 

 a normal ration. There was a difference of about 5.5 cts. per gallon (nearly 

 12.5 cts. per day) between the cost of feeding in the six summer months (May 

 1 to October 31) and the six winter months (November 1 to April 30), the 

 figures being 5.84 cts. per gallon in the summer and 11.32 cts. in the winter. 

 The effect of a dry summer is felt not merely in increasing the cost of pro- 

 duction of summer milk, but also in increasing the cost of the winter milk, 

 because the natural result of a dry summer is a short crop, i. e., an expensive 

 crop, of roots and fodder. 



In every year the cost of feeding, per gallon, has been iialf as much again 

 on the most expensive farm as on the cheapest farm. The 16 cheapest herds 

 (7.08 cts. per gallon) cost 16.28 cts. per cow per day for feed and averaged 2.3 

 gal. of milk. The 16 most expensive herds (10.06 cts. per gallon) cost 21.82 cts. 

 per cow per day and averaged 2.17 gal. of milk. 



Cost of food in the production of milk, C. Crowther and A. G. Ruston 

 (Univ. Leeds and Yorkshire Council Agr. Ed. [Pa7nphlet] 88 (1913), pp. 32; 91 

 (1914), pp. JfO; 98 (1915), pp. 37, pis. 2). — In these reports data are given on 

 the production of milk in ten herds under study, the value of the milk, the feed 

 consumed, the cost of feeding, and the milk-fat percentage. See also a previous 

 note (E. S. R., 29, p. 278). 



Announcement of the California state dairy cow competition, 1916—1918, 

 F. W. WoLL (California Sta. Circ. 153 (1916), pp. 8). — An announcement of 

 and regulations governing a dairy-cow competition to be held at the College of 

 Agriculture of the University of California are given. 



The bacteria of milk freshly drawn from normal udders, Alice C. Evans 

 (Jour. Infect. Diseases, 18 (1916), No. 5, pp. 437-476).— This study included 

 192 samples of milk from 161 cows of five different dairies in two widely dis- 

 tant sections of the country. No consideration was given to those types of bac- 

 teria which occurred in the udder in small numbers. All the cultures which 

 w< re studied in detail and included in this report represent bacteria which were 

 multiplying in the udder and were found in the milk in considerable numbers. 



