1916] VETERINABY MEDICINE. 681 



means of initial separation of human type strains from the many strains of 

 nonhemolytic and feebly hemolytic streptococci found in milk." 



A comparative study of colon bacilli isolated from, horse, cow, and man, 

 T. J. Murray {Jour. Infect. Diseases, 19 (1916), No. 2, pp. 161-174, fiffs. 2).— 

 From the work reported it is concluded that the different types of strains, 

 himian, bovine, and equine, exhibit a remarkable similarity in the reactions 

 tested, chiefly in acid production. In general the average amount of acid pro- 

 duced by each type tended to decrease as the complexity of the tested substance 

 increased. 



•' With mannite, dextrose, and lactose, the organisms have a high point of 

 acid production at which the larger percentage of the strains belong. The other 

 strains for the greater part lie immediately on either side of this high point. 

 The acid production for the larger number is confined to narrow limits. The 

 high points of acid production do not lie far apart with dextrose, lactose, and 

 mannite. They coincide in the case of mannite. In general with saccharose, 

 raflSnose, and salicin this high point is neither clearly shown nor definitely 

 marked. The acid production varies greatly and is spread over a large area." 



The mode of infection in pulmonary distomiasis. — Certain fresh water 

 crabs as intermiediate hosts of Paragonimus westermanii, K. Nakagawa 

 (Jour. Infect. Diseases, 18 (1916), No. 2, pp. 131-142, pis. 4, figs. 2).— This is 

 the article referred to in the paper previously noted (E. S. R., 35, p. 384). 



Investigations of foot-and-mouth disease, IV, E. Kallert (Arb. K. 

 Osndhtsamt., 50 (1915), No. 2, pp. 159-163, pis. 2).— This fourth contribution 

 (B. S. R., 34, p. 879) deals with the changes which take place in the rumen 

 of cattle affected with foot-and-mouth disease. 



Mortality among' grazing animals in Germany due to Simulium reptans, 

 Matthiksen, Peets, and Dahlgetjn (Berlin, Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 31 (1915), 

 No. 36, pp. 421-425, fig. 1; abs. in Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome], Mo. Bui. Agr. 

 Intel, and Plant Diseases, 6 (1915), No. 11, pp. 1499, 1500). — For ten years a 

 disease has been recorded among grazing animals in the districts of Neustadt- 

 am-Rubenberge and Fallingbostel, located on the low ground near the rivers 

 AUer and Leine, Prussia, which regularly causes the death of a large number 

 of cattle, usually a short time after they are turned out to pasture. Horses 

 are only rarely attacked. Investigations made regarding the disease show 

 that the death of the animals is due to the bite of 8. reptans. 



Some observations on the methods of using the agglutination test in the 

 diagnosis of disease in bovines caused by the bacillus of contagious abor- 

 tion, H. R. Seddon (Proc. Roy. Soc. Victoria, n. ser., 27 (1915), No. 2, pp. 

 370-390). — The author discusses the study reported under the topics of mate- 

 rials required on which to found a diagnosis of contagious abortion, technique 

 employed, and quantitative factors in the agglutination reaction. 



In determining whether the relation of the quantity of pure serum to the 

 degree of dilution or the amount of pure serum in the tube is the determining 

 factor in agglutination of a particular serum, it is concluded that " tubes pos- 

 sessing the same dilution (but different quantities) of serum do not furnish 

 parallel results. . . . Tubes containing the same quantity of serum do furnish 

 parallel results. The agglutination titer varies with the quantity of emulsion 

 used." The dominating factor on an agglutination system is, therefore, the 

 quantity of serum in each tube, and not the degree of dilution. 



Studies on the optimum amount of emulsion for use in the test are also 

 reported. 



Different types of streptococci and their relation to bovine mastitis, G. 

 Mathers (Jour. Infect. Diseases, 19 (1916), No. 2, pp. 222-235) .—The author 

 has corroborated the findings of Davis and Capps (E. S. IL, 31, p. 482) that 



