^^^^^ ECONOMIC .ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 851 



Horse-chestnut anthracnose, R. G, Piebce and C. Habtley (Phytopathology, 

 6 {1916), No. 1, p. 93). — The authors report the presence In 1914 of a s[>(>cle8 

 of CoUetotrichum on the petioles, midribs, and veins of the leaflets of the horse- 

 chestnut An ascomycete was later isolated from living leaves showing anthrac- 

 nose, and the authors are led to believe that the ascomycete and the CoUe- 

 totrichum are identical and should be referred to Oloinerella cingulata. 



The leaf blotch disease of horse-chestnut, V. B. Stewart {Phytopathology, 

 6 {1916), No. 1, pp. 5-19, pis. S, fig. i).— The author gives a description of the 

 leaf blotch disease of horse-chestnut, discussing its etiology and describing the 

 development of the various stages of the fungus, which is provisionally called 

 G^iignardia (bscuU n. comb. As a result of inoculation experiments, JEsculus 

 hippocastanum and E. glabra were readily infected, but E. parviflora was not. 



The more economic phases of this leaf spot and its control have been previ- 

 ously noted (E. S. R., 35, p. 154). 



Identity of Peridermium montanum with P. acicolum, G. G. Hedgcock 

 {Phytopathology, 6 {1916), No. 1, pp. 64-67).— As a result of inoculation experi- 

 ments with P. montanum from Pinus contorta, the author was able to produce 

 the CJoleosporium stage on Aster conspicuus. This is considered proof that 

 Peridermium montanum is the secial stage of C. solidaginis, from which it fol- 

 lows that P. montanum is identical with P. acicolum. The author considers P. 

 montanum simply a western form of P. acicolum^. The fungus is known to 

 occur in five northwestern States and two Provinces of Canada. 



Inoculation experiments with Peridermium montanum, J, R. Weib and 

 E. E. HuBEBT {Phytopathology, 6 {1916), No. 1, pp. 68-70).— As a result of 

 field and greenhouse inoculation experiments performed on 3 plants of Aster 

 and 4 of Solidago with seciospores of P. montanum, the typical Coleosporium 

 form was obtained. This is said to be the first time that successful inocula- 

 tions have been reported on species of Solidago. 



ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY— ENTOMOLOGY. 



The technique of forest protection ag'ainst animals, K. Eckstein (Die 

 Technik des Forstschutzes gegen Tiere. Berlin: Paul Parey, 1915, 2. rev. ed., 

 pp. VII +254, figs. 54). — A brief account is first given of the animal enemies of 

 forests and protection from them (pp. 1-18). Following this the work takes 

 up the combating of vertebrate animal pests (pp. 19-80) and of injurious 

 arthropods (pp. 80-243). 



The birds of North and Middle America, R. Ridgway ( U. S. Nat. Mus. Bui. 

 50 {1916), pt. 7, pp. XIII +54S, pis. 2-^).— This part of the work previously noted 

 (E. S. R., 30, p. 851) deals with the Cuculidse, Psittacidfe, and Columbidse. 



The small friends of agriculture, J. W. Da Costa {Os Pequenos Amigos da 

 Agricultura. Sao Paulo: Govt., 1914, pp. 118, figs. 31; rev. in Auk, 32 {1915), No. 

 4, pp. 518, 519). — This work treats of the small animals, especially birds, that 

 are of economic value in the State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. 



The upper limit of temperature compatible with life in the frog, A. T. 

 Camebon and T. I. Beownlee {Proc. and Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada, 3. ser., 9 

 {1915), Sect. IV, pp. 67-84). — This is in continuation of the investigations re- 

 lating to the limits of temperature compatible with life in the frog (E. S. R., 

 34, p. 751). 



" The experiments in air lead to the unexpected conclusion that the highest 

 temperature at which Rana pipiens can maintain life indefinitely is about 18° C. 

 (64.4° F.) while a temperature a degree or two higher will prove fatal within 

 a few days. The fatal temperature is to a great extent a function of time, 

 varying from 19 or 20 to 39 or 40° as the time is shortened." 



