588 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOKD. 



The author concludes that the evidence does not indicate that the disease is 

 due to food poisoning or that the food or water is an essential carrier of the 

 toxic or infective agent. See also a previous note (E. S. R., 28, p. 886). 



Parasitic mange in horses, asses, and mules (Bd. Agr. and Fisheries [Lon- 

 aon^, Leaflet 27.',, 1913, pp. 5).— A popular account. 



The cultivation of the fowl spirochete, V. Danulesco {Compt. Rend. Soc. 

 Biol. [Paris}, 7'/ (lOtS), No. 8, pp. 369-371; abs. in Trap. Vet. Bui., 1 {WIS), 

 yo. 4, p. 236).— The author has successfully applied the method described by 

 Noguchi' (E. S. R., 28, p. 282) to the cultivation of Spirochceta gaUinarum. 

 Five generations were obtained by using cultures from 4 to 7 days old for the 



subcultures. 



Serotherapy and protective vaccination in fowl spirochetosis, H. de B. 

 Abvgao (Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 3 {1911), No. 1, pp. 3-39; abs. in Centbl. 

 Bald, [etc.], 1. Abt., Ref., 53 {1912), No. 12, pp. 380, 381).— A description of a 

 serotherapeutic method against this disease. In order to paralyze the cytotoxins 

 produced as a result of injecting the cellular material of the parasite, antibody 

 formation is stimulated against these substances. The procedure is described 

 in detail in the original article. 



It was also possible to vaccinate against this disease with defibrinated blood 

 containing spirochetes sterilized with formaldehyde vapor. One cc. of the 

 vaccine was found to confer a good and lasting immunity. A good vaccine can 

 also be prepared with glycerin. There is thought to be no reason why the 

 method described can not be applied to other diseases, as tick fever, etc. 



RURAL ENGINEERING. 



Irrigation resources of California and their utilization, F. Adams {U. 8. 

 Dept. Igr., Office Expt. Stas. Bui. 25-',, pp. 95, pis. i7).— This report is a sum- 

 mary of reports prepared in cooperation with the Conservation Commission of 

 the State of California and other state agencies as follows: Irrigation resources 

 of northern, central, and southern California, by Frank Adams, S. T. Harding, 

 R. D. Robertson, and C. E. Tait. respectively; and the use of water in 1912 

 for irrigation in Shasta Valley, by N. M. Stover ; from Feather River, by R. V. 

 Meikle; from east side tributaries of San Joaquin River, by J. T. Kingdon; 

 from San Joaquin River, by Harry Barnes; in Santa Clara Valley, by R. L. 

 Egenhof ; from Santa Clara River, by J. N. Irving; and in the Valley of Santa 

 Ana River, by A. J. Salisbury, jr. 



A summary of reports on the irrigation resources of California shows that 

 the total area of irrigable agricultural land found in the zones of irrigation 

 water supplies is 21,865.200 acres, of which 3,192.646 acres are already irri- 

 gated and 9.699,600 acres are estimated as the area to be ultimately irrigated. 

 Northern California contains about 28.5 per cent of the total irrigable area, 

 about 15 per cent of the total irrigated area, and about 3.^>.5 per cent of the area 

 it is estimated may ultimately be irrigated; the corresponding figures for 

 central California being 44, 61, and 44.5 per cent, and for southern California 

 27.5, 24, and 20 per cent. 



The mean annual flow of the major surface streams of California in round 

 numbers approaches 60,000,000 acre-feet. The detailed studies of the use of 

 water in 1912 in the typical sections show approximately the general duties now 

 obtained in California with irrigation water. In Little Shasta Valley as much 

 as 4 or 5 acre-feet per acre was about the average diversion between April and 

 August, inclusive. On the Feather River the average diversion by the largest 

 gravity canal was 7.53 acre-feet per acre from May through October, while the 

 averages for the 2 systems next smaller were 6.06 and 5.83 acre-feet per acre, 



V 



