ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 555 



Explanation of the proposed regulations for the protection of migratory- 

 birds, T. S. Palmer {U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Biol. Survey Circ. 93, pp. 5). — This 

 is a discussion of the regulations drawn up for the protection of migratory birds 

 under the federal law. as above noted. 



Two new species of parasitic nematodes, B. H. Ransom (Proc. U. S. Nat. 

 Mus., 41 (.1912), pp. 363-369, figs. 7). — The species here described as new are 

 Trichostrongylvs falculatvs, a parasite in the the alimentary tract of the goat 

 (Capra hireus) in South Africa; and T. calcaratus from the small intestines 

 of the mbbit (Lepits sylvaticus) at Bowie, Md. 



A new nematode, Ostertagia bullosa, parasitic in the alimentary tract of 

 sheep, B. H. Ransom and M. C. Hall (Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., J,2 (1912), pp. 

 175-179, figs. 4)- — This new nematode has been collected from sheep at Colo- 

 rado Springs, Resolis, and Amo, Colo., and in Montana. The greatest number 

 found in a single sheep in Colorado was 73. 



Entomology with special reference to its biological and economic aspects, 

 J. W. Folsom (Philadelphia, 1913, 2. rev. ed., pp. ¥11+402, figs. 32/).— This is 

 a second revised edition (E. S. R., 17, p. 1088). 



Injurious insects and other animals observed in Ireland during the year 

 1912, G. H. Carpenter (Econ. Proc. Roy. Dublin Soc, 2 (1913), No. 6, pp. 

 79-104, pis. 2, figs. 9). — This is the author's annual report on the occurrence of 

 insect pes's during the year. 



The enemies of barley, P. Noel (Bnl. Lad. Rdgional Ent. Agr. [Rouen], 

 1912, No. 4, PP- 5-7). — Some 26 species attacking barley are listed. 



The asparagus miner and the twelve-spotted asparagus beetle, D. E. Fink 

 (Neto York Cornell Sta. Bill. 331, pp. 411-^35, pis. 7). — The asparagus miner 

 (Agromyza simplex) first considered (pp. 411^21) may at times injure seedlings 

 and newly set asparagus beds to such an extent as to lead growers to consider 

 plowing them under. The history and distribution of this native American 

 species, first considered, is followed by discussions of the indication of its pres- 

 ence, nature, and extent of injury, descriptions of its stages, life history and 

 habits, and methods of control. 



The mines begin at or near the surface of the soil and extend upward for a 

 foot or more, assuming a zigzag appearance as the larvae wind their way up- 

 ward. When several larvse are working on one stalk, as is usually the case, the 

 mines soon begin to merge and the entire base of the stalk becomes girdled. As 

 soon as the adults appear in spring they begin to lay eggs on volunteer plants 

 or seedling beds, but make no attempt to oviposit on cutting beds. 



In observations made in 1912 in the vicinity of Ithaca. N. Y., the adults began 

 to issue forth on May 26. Mating began on the second day following and ovipo- 

 sition followed within 24 to 36 hours. The female usually begins to ovipost at 

 the base of the stalk, at or near the surface of the soil. The eggs hatch in 

 from 12 to 18 days, and the larvae mine their way up the stalk. " When nearly 

 full grown the larvae direct their mines downward, and later continue to mine 

 below the surface of the soil, so that when they finally become full grown they 

 can pupate below the surface of the soil where they are kept moist. During the 

 summer, however, the larvae may pupate anywhere along the stalks, above or 

 below the surface of the soil. The depth varies at which they pupate below the 

 surface of the soil." The larvse of the first generation attain full growth by 

 the end of June to the first week in July and pupate beneath the epidermis of 

 the stalks, in which stage 17 to 21 days are passed. The adults soon begin to 

 oviposit and the life cycle is repeated. The larvae of the second generation 

 attain their full growth by the end of August to the first week in September, 



16385°— No. 6—13 5 



