ETJRAL ECONOMICS. 89 



together with a report on irrigation for those States in which irrigation sta- 

 tistics were collected. The information relates to farms and farm property; 

 number, acreage, and value of farms classified by tenure, mortgage debt, color, 

 and nativity of farmers; live stock products and domestic animals sold or 

 slaughtered on farms; value of all crops and principal classes thereof, and 

 acreage and production of principal crops; and selected farm expenses and 

 receipts; all by States and counties. Data are also given showing farms and 

 acreage irrigated ; irrigation works ; cost of construction, operation, and mainte- 

 nance; crops irrigated — acreage, production, and value; and acreage irrrigated 

 and irrigation enterprises by counties, 1909-10. 



The agricultural census of France, A. de Fontgalland (Bol. Agr. T4c. y 

 Econ., 5 (1913), No. 51, pp. 265-271). — Notes and tables shovsdng the condition 

 of various agricultural activities in France for varying periods are here 

 presented. 



Attention is directed to the large percentage of the landed area in small 

 farms, the number of farms of less than 1 hectare (2.47 acres) being reported 

 as 2,087,851, number of farms containing from 1 to 10 hectares 2.523,713, from 

 10 to 40 hectares 745,862, from 40 to 100 hectares 118,497, and more than 100 

 hectares 29.541. The number of persons engaged in agriculture and forestry in 

 1909 was 8,777,053, of whom about 5,452,300 were males. 



Tables are given showing the acreage and production of leading crops from 

 1890-1909. 



Farm management in German agriculture, B. Saga we, R. Tuckermann, 

 and F. Watebsteadt (Arb. Deut. Landw. GeselL, 1913, No. 214, pp. 114+89+ 

 51+26+81+105+3+17+9+143, taUes 3, pi. i).— Notes and tables are here 

 presented showing the relation of credits, labor, markets, prices, and transi^or- 

 tatiou facilities to agricultural activities in the Province of Silesia. 



The profitableness of the root crop production, B. Sagawe (Fiihlmg's 

 Landw. Ztg., 62 (1913), No. 4, pp. 113-128).— Notes and tables showing the 

 profitableness of farm management with reference to size of farm, type of 

 forming, and method of farming (extensive, average, or intensive) are hei'e 

 presented. Concrete illustrations are given showing the cost of the various 

 factors entering into the production of root crops and the relation each bears 

 to the total cost and net income. 



The advantages and disadvantages of farm machinery in farm operations, 

 A. ScHNiDEE (Landio. Hefte, 1913, No. 11, pp. 47). — Notes and data are here pre- 

 sented showing at length the economic significance of the use of farm ma- 

 chinery with reference to types of farming, size of farms, kind, amount, and 

 cost of labor available, and other factors entering into farm production. 



The agricultural activities of the Jews in America, L. G. Robinson (New 

 York, 1912, pp. 96). — This is a brief survey of the circumstances and conditions 

 which led to the formation of Jewish agricultural organizations in various 

 countries, describing in more or less detail the results of the work as found in 

 the United States and Palestine. Some failures are noted, but they are attrib- 

 uted to conditions or individual circumstances, rather than to inherent lack of 

 Jewish adaptability to agriculture. The author predicts that the spirit of 

 organization which is now being crystallized into agricultural cooperative 

 organizations in the United States will appeal particularly to the Jewish farmer 

 and mean much toward the development of Jewish agriculture. 



Cooperation in agriculture, G. H. Powell (New York, 1913, pp. XV+327, 

 pis. 16). — This volume is intended as a discussion of the principles that underlie 

 the organization and management of agricultural cooperative associations in the 

 United States, and the application of the methods to the production, handling, 

 distribution, and sale of farm crops, and other agricultural activities. The 



