VETERINAEY MEDICINE. 81 



except it be that injections of living abortion bacilli, unless more virulent 

 tban the strain employed by us, may be made either intravenously or sub- 

 cutaneously with impunity on cattle either pregnant or nonpregnant." 



Two tables are appended which record the temperature readings and other 

 effects resulting from the injections of abortin. They direct attention to the 

 weakness of the abortin test as a diagnostic. The author suggests the advis- 

 ability of making parallel tests with the agglutination test, complement fixa- 

 tion test, and with abortin. 



Infectious abortion and sterility in cows, C. M. Haring {California Sta. 

 Circ. 92, pp. 4).— A brief popular discussion. 



Johne's disease in sheep, F. W. Twort and J. L. Y. Ingram {Vet. Rec, 25 

 {1913), No. 1292, p. 035). — The authors find that Johne's bacillus can be 

 isolated from naturally affected sheep on the same media that they have used 

 for the cultivation of the bacillus from cattle (E. S. R.. 2G, p. 783). Johne's 

 bacillus isolated from cattle will reproduce Johne's disease in sheep. Sheep 

 (like cattle) suffering from Johne's disease give a marked reaction when 

 inoculated with a diagnostic vaccine prepared from cultures of Johne's bacillus. 



Concerning- piroplasmosis of sheep, S. von Ratz {Ccntbl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. 

 Am., Orig., 68 {1913), No. 2. pp. 19J,-200, figs. ;2).— The author's investigations 

 have shown that " earceag," or piroplasmosis of sheep, occurs in Hungary. It 

 appears in an acute, malignant form, and also in a chronic or latent form, 

 which in many cases presents no characteristic pathological changes. 



On sarcosporidiosis (Sarcocystis tenella) in sheep in Scotland, J. P. Mc- 

 GowAN and T. Rettie {Jour. Path, and Bad., 11 {1913), No. 3, pp. J,22, J,23 ; 

 Vet. Jour., 69 {1913), No. Ji53, pp. 102, 103).— The symptoms observed in an 

 animal suffering from " scrapie " are described as great emaciation, pruritus 

 (wool rubbed off and ulcers on nose, top of head, and legs; bare callosities at 

 root of tail and on either side of it ; attempting to bite the hand used to pinch 

 its side; rubbing against walls, fences, etc.) ; bleaching of wool over the back; 

 falling out of wool, especially on the flanks; and persistence of appetite. A 

 secondary anemia was present; eosinophils were slightly increased in number. 

 The temperature varied within the limits normal to the sheep, 39 to 40° C. 



Post-mortem examinations of 4 animals revealed to the naked eye nothing 

 in most cases except strongylosis of the lung and alimentary canal. The only 

 lesion common to all the animals was a marked sarcosporidiosis, which was 

 not detected by the naked eye, but was first noticed on microscopic examina- 

 tion of the muscles. The case in which the above mentioned symptoms were 

 observed was thoroughly examined with the low power. " Sarcosporidial cysts 

 were easily found in the first piece examined of muscles from the following 

 situation : Panniculus carnosus, jaw muscles, facial muscles, tongue muscles, 

 pharyngeal muscles, laryngeal muscles, deep and superficial muscles of neck 

 (back and front), esophagus, muscles of scapulae, of fore legs, intercostals, 

 vertebral muscles, heart, diaphragm, muscles of wall of abdomen, and muscles 

 of pelvis and lower limbs. About a hundred pieces of muscle in all were 

 examined. Sarcosporidial cysts were not found in nonstriped muscle fibers, 

 i. e., wall of alimentary canal, the uterus or vagina. In none of the sheep 

 were there any macroscopic sarcosporidial lesions in the esophagus. . . . 



"Taking into consideration the fact that in each of the 4 cases examined 

 sarcosporidiosis was present, and that in each we had the opportunity of mak- 

 ing a most complete examination — it was not only the only lesion present, but 

 one distributed through the whole body — we put forward as a suggestion for 

 future work that the disease ' scrapie ' may be a syndrome that appears when 

 a sheep is dying of a mass infection with 8. teneila. The sarcosporidiosis may 

 not be necessarily in itself during the economic life of the sheep, but in cer- 



