VETERINARY MEDICINE. 77 



1 year from the beginning of the experiments. Previous to its death it was 

 affected with blind staggers, and slightly closed eyes, with a white exudate 

 from them. 



It is stated that the amount of cotton-seed meal recommended by Din- 

 widdle (E. S. R., 17, p. 280) as safe has been known to kill pigs at the North 

 Carolina and other stations. This is illustrated by the records of some ex- 

 periments. "Various treatments have failed to eliminate all or any appreci- 

 able part of the toxic property of the meal from a commercial standpoint. 

 Steaming, roasting, boiling, souring, and fermenting have all been tried but 

 without definite results from a practical view point." 



[Report of the division of veterinary science], G, A. Roberts (North Caro- 

 lina Sta. Rpt. 1912, i)p. 27-29).— Thirty-five head of steers were fed a daily 

 average of 7.5 lbs. of cotton-seed meal per steer from December 1 to April 5. 

 or 127 days, with no ill effects. A yearling calf, weighing 175 lbs. at the 

 beginning and 247.5 lbs. at the end, was fed from October 6 to the time of its 

 death on July 9, a total of 702 lbs. of meal, but there was no gain in weight 

 after the first 4 or 5 mouths. "The principal lesions found on autopsy of 

 the calf consisted of slight excess of serous fluid in both abdominal and 

 thoracic cavities, and considerable irritation of the intestines as indicated by 

 marked injection of their mesenteric and visceral blood vessels. The fourth 

 stomach contained considerable sand and gravel, indicating a depraved appetite. 

 The lymph nodes were not found congested, as frequently reported by our- 

 selves and others in cotton-seed poisoning. The liver and kidneys showed 

 some congestion. The lungs showed congestion, hepatization, and some edema. 

 The external blood vessels of the heart were injected; a small thrombus and 

 considerable firmly clotted blood were found within tlae heart." 



The symptoms in 13 hogs fed cotton seed and cotton-seed meal were observed 

 from only a few minutes to 4 or 5 days before death. They consisted in loss of 

 .appetite, weakness, unsteady gait, more or less blindness, and some difficulty in 

 breathing. The hogs in most cases would finally get down unable to rise and lie 

 there in a more or less comatose condition for a few hours to 2 or 3 days 

 before dying. The results of findings at post-mortem examinations of 7 hogs. 

 50 rabbits, and 2 guinea pigs are reported. 



The identification of the woody aster (Wyoming Sta. Bui. 97, pp. Jf, fiff^^- 

 3)._This bulletin gives a brief description of the woody aster and where it 

 grows, when it appears, the poisonous period, and symptoms after poisoning. 

 A mounted specimen of the plant in bloom is included. 



Disinfection on the farm, C. M. Haring (California Sta. Circ. 91, pp. 3).— 

 A brief popular discussion of disinfection and disinfectants. 



Trypanosomes and trypanosomiases, A. Levaran and F. Mfsnil ( Trypano- 

 somes et Trypanosomiases. Paris, 1912, 2. ed., rev., pp. VIII+999. pi. 1, figs. 

 jg8).—A revised and enlarged edition of the work previously noted (E. S. R.. 



17, p. 81). 



Fate of tubercle bacilli outside the animal body, C. F. Briscoe (Illinois 

 8ta. Bui. 161, pp. 277-375, figs. 4).—" In experiments to determine the time that 

 tubercle bacilli live in various conditions, the chief difficulty is the 'index of 

 death' for these germs. This is true since cultivation of the tubercle bacilli 

 from contaminated material is not feasible, and since the dead germs produce. 

 in test animals, tubercles indistinguishable by microscopic sppearance from 

 those produced by live tubercle bacilli. 



"Pure cultures of nonspore-bearing organisms and the vegetative cells of 

 spore-bearing germs when exposed to direct sunlight in thin smears are killed 

 in from i to 6 minutes ; the human, bovine, and avian types of tubercle bacilli 



