METEOROLOGY WATER. 15 



fall in that vicinity with an average accuracy of over 70 per cent. By applying a 

 simple formula, taking into account the conservation of moisture, the accuracy 

 may be increased to about 75 per cent. By cross identification of rings between 

 all the hundred trees examined, the accuracy of counting rings was greatly 

 increased. 



" Five trees from the vicinity of Flagstaff were measured to the number of 

 400 rings, and two of these to 500. It was found that all the trees in that 

 locality gave very similar records. A 21-year variation, amounting in all to 20 

 per cent of the mean, is shown in 400 out of the 500 years recorded. A shorter 

 variation, amounting to 16 per cent of the mean, was found to have a period of 

 11.4 years. Its plot derived from 492 years shows 2 maxima, which correspond 

 in time with 2 maxima of rainfall in the 50 years of records on the southern 

 California coast. These in turn match the major and minor maxima in the 

 temperature of that region for the same period. The larger maximum of the 

 latter occurs at the time of the sun-spot minimum as averaged for 125 years." 



Weather conditions and statistics, G. Harcourt (Ann. Rpt. Dept. Agr. 

 Alberta, 1911, pp. 38-52).- — The names and location of the stations of the volun- 

 tary meteorological service of the Province of Alberta are given, with results 

 of observations on precipitation (1898-1911), and on temperature and sunshine 

 (1911). Notes are also given on the general weather conditions of each month 

 of 1911 and on hail insurance during the year. 



Phenolog'y and climatology in the service of fruit culture and agriculture, 

 L. JocHiMSEN (Landw. Jahrb. Bay em, 2 (,1912), No. 2, pp. 113-120).— This is 

 a general discussion of the subject. 



The movement of subterranean waters, J. Versluys, trans, by F. Dassesse 

 (Le Principe du Mouvement des Eaux Souterraines. Amsterdam, 1912, pp. lift ; 

 rev. in Nature [London], 91 {1913), No. 2261, p. i34).— This book deals with the 

 subject in the light of recent research, as exemplified by the work of King, 

 Richert, and others. It discusses the purely theoretical problem of water flow, 

 but also furnishes a series of numerical coefficients of flow for use in cases where 

 merely general approximations will serve. 



Text-book of ground water and springs, K. Keilhack {Lehrbuch der 

 Orundwasser- und Quellenkunde. Berlin, 1912, pp. XI+545, pi. 1, figs. 249; rev. 

 in Wasser u. Abwasser, 6 {1913), No. 9, pp. 365, 366). — This book summarizes 

 the results of 25 years' study by the author of conditions in northern and cen- 

 tral Germany. It deals with geological, chemical, and physical principles in- 

 volved in the occurrence and movement of ground water, but also contains 

 much practical information regarding the utilization of these sources of water 

 supply and is adapted to the use of geologists, hydrologists, waterworks' engi- 

 neers, and hygienists. 



Geology and water resources of a portion of south-central Washington, 

 G. A. Waring {U. S. Oeol. Survey, Water-Supply Paper 316, pp. 46, pi. 1, 

 fig. 1). — This paper discusses in some detail the geography, physiography, geol- 

 ogy, and water resources of this region, which comprises about 5,000 square 

 miles, and includes Benton County, the eastern parts of Yakima and Klickitat 

 counties, and the western part of Franklin County. The report presents the 

 results of " a hurried inquiry into the present utilization of surface and under,- 

 ground water by canals and by wells and a general study of rock characters and 

 structural conditions in their relation to further development of the underground 

 sources. . . . Except in the bottoms near the major streams, water is scarce, 

 even for domestic use." 



The water supply is discussed from the standpoint of its use for irrigation as 

 well as for domestic purposea 



