544 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



shear; and the effect of moisture content on failure under compression parallel 

 with the fibers and longitudinal shear. 



Wood fuel tests, H. S. Betts (pp. 39-42). — The results are given of an inves- 

 tigation to determine with the bomb calorimeter the heating values of 10 dif- 

 ferent species of woods, commonly used for fuel in New Mexico and Arizona. 



The markets for the products of the hardwood distillation industry, R. C. 

 Palmer (pp. 43-48). — This paper comprises a summary of statistical data gath- 

 ered from about 60 wood distillation plants with leference to the quantity of 

 standard or other products produced annually, the average selling price at the 

 plant, and the industries that use the products and the proportion going to each. 

 The data, although not complete, show in general the status and extent of the 

 industry and the important markets for its products. 



The germination of alligator juniper seed, H. C. Turner (pp. 49-52). — The 

 essential features of the method described consist in stratifying the seed over 

 winter to promote germination the first season and in sanding the surface of the 

 seed bed to prevent the soil from crusting in hot weather after being watered. 



Effect of source of seed on results in yellow-pine reforestation, W. D. Hayes 

 (pp. 53-57). — The experiment here described was started at the Fremont Sta- 

 tion in 1910 to determine the relative germination and rate of growth of seed- 

 lings and nursery stock of yellow pine from seed obtained in the north rauge, 

 south range, and middle range of the species when sown and planted on situa- 

 tions of different heat and moisture qualities at the middle of the rauge. The 

 greatest germination was shown by local seed and the poorest by northern seed. 

 The northern seed, however, produced the greatest number of hardy plants; 

 the weakest plants were produced by the southern seed. The seed from the 

 southern part of the range showed a rather mark^id tendency to lie over and 

 germinate the second season. From the tests thus fat made it is concluded that 

 shipments of yellow-pine seed from one latitude to another should be avoided. 

 The experiment is to be continued to study the effect of smaller latitudinal dif- 

 ferences in the source of the seed on both the germination and survival and the 

 qualities of the trees produced. 



Methods and seasons for yellow-pine reforestation, W. D. Hayes (pp. 58-60). — 

 The experiment here described was begun at the Fremont Station in the 

 winter of 1909-10 for the purpose of determining the best method and season 

 for yellow-pine reforestation on typical ground for this species. The following 

 methods were tried : Broadcasting without preparation of the soil, broadcasting 

 after thorough harrowing of the soil, corn planter sowing, and sowing in pre- 

 pared seed spots of about 1 ft. diameter and a depth of 3 in. Stock was also 

 planted direct from the nursery and transplanted from pots. 



Considering the cost of each tree the least expensive method of obtaining a 

 stand is by spring seed spots; next in order come summer broadcasting on 

 harrowed ground ; and third, the spring planting of sturdy nursery stock. The 

 experiment is to be continued. 



Planting western yellow pine, G. A. Pearson (pp. 61-65). — Because of the 

 uniform failures in planting western yellow pine in the general region of the 

 Fort Valley Station an experiment was conducted to determine the possibilities 

 of improvement by using the best available stock and the best known methods. 

 The results indicate that by the use of good vigorous stock planted early in the 

 spring western yellow pine can be successfully established in the region. No 

 conclusions are drawn as to different methods of preparing the planting holes. 



Seed spotting Douglas fir under aspen, N. W. Scherer (pp. 66, 67).— This com- 

 prises a preliminary report on a study of the seed-spot method of establishing 

 Douglas fir under aspen. 



