604 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



problems so numerous and intricate, and the present training so in- 

 adequate that little more than a beginning has yet been made ; but to 

 avoid confusion a division of effort was advocated, a close working 

 together, and an exchange of projects for mutual information. Dr. 

 Galloway conceived that the Federal Department should concern 

 itself with the broader regional problems in research, the States in 

 general with the more restricted or local problems, and the colleges 

 should be given an open field to develop an investigational atmos- 

 phere and to train research men. 



Dean Davenport, of Illinois, speaking from the standpoint of the 

 state institutions, agreed with this general proposition, but thought 

 that both the Department and the state institutions should be left 

 quite free to work in large measure independently in their respective 

 fields, and that great care should be taken to put their cooperative 

 activities, as far as such activities are undertaken, on a natural and 

 rational basis. 



As a prerequisite to the more intimate relationship and adjustment 

 outlined, a modification of the Department's organization is regarded 

 as essential by its administrative officers. The building up of rigid 

 bureau lines in the Department has developed a lack of elasticity and 

 of power to coordinate its enterprises and arrange for cooperation; 

 and this has been emphasized by the rapid expansion of the regula- 

 tory functions, which have made inroads on the time of workers, 

 given them new affiliations and outlook, and tended to develop an 

 individualistic point of view. These additional regulatory functions 

 and the increasing demand for various phases of extension work 

 have, as Dr. Gallowa}^ pointed out, " made it difficult to bring about 

 centralization of effort in a number of fields, and thus the bureaus 

 have been left to work out their own plans, each without very much 

 regard to what the other is doing, and I might say to what the coun- 

 try is doing. To this condition, which is patent to everyone who is 

 familiar with the Department, is due many of the difficulties we have 

 experienced in the past in the matter of establishing and maintaining 

 proper relations with state workers." 



This situation was recognized in part in the address of Dean Dav- 

 enport, who in referring to the present organization of the Depart- 

 ment characterized it as being primarily for administration rather 

 than for research. " For this reason," he said, " it succeeds best in 

 those lines that are administrative, such as weather and inspection 

 service. For this reason too it drifts more naturally into demonstra- 

 tion than into investigation," although " a whole rich domain re- 

 quiring large funds awaits development by methods that are in gen- 

 eral too costly for the state institutions to undertake." 



