EDITORIAL. 603 



opinion that " the State is the smallest unit with which the Federal 

 Government should be required to deal." 



This view was confirmed and elaborated by the Assistant Secretai-y 

 of Agriculture, Dr. Galloway, who recognized that although the Fed- 

 eral Government has been in better position to secure appropriations 

 than the States, the latter " are or should be in closer contact or sym- 

 pathy with the farmers within their respective borders, and should 

 be helped in every way to hold this sympathy and support." He 

 added that "the problem is to bring about close and cordial rela- 

 tions, to strive at all times to keep the fields of endeavor defined 

 through personal contact and mutual understandings on the part of 

 the workers, and to gradually develop a spirit of sympathy and help- 

 fulness through actual constructive effort rather than through theo- 

 retic and academic discussions." This expresses clearly the program 

 which both parties are united upon as highly desirable and are en- 

 deavoring to carry out. 



In relation to extension work, the principles were laid down, "(a) 

 that the land-grant college is the institution within the State best 

 equipped to handle the work; (b) that all work grouped under the 

 general term of extension service, whether federal or state, should be 

 handled through such colleges; (c) that when federal fimds are in- 

 volved the work should be projected on purely cooperative lines with 

 leadership centered in the college." More recently in hearings on 

 the Lever bill it has been explained that the demonstration work now 

 being conducted by the Department will be conducted through the 

 colleges, and that other phases of extension service that may be 

 developed will be handled in the same way. 



" It is self-evident that no action should be taken by the Federal 

 Government leading to centralization of power and domination of 

 work. It is also self-evident that if the Federal Government appro- 

 priates money for work within the States it must assume a certain 

 amount of responsibility for the expenditure of this money to the 

 Congress and to the people of the United States." 



The principles involved in the extension measures now before Con- 

 gress are considered mainly those of cooperation, the Federal Gov- 

 ernment aiding by advice and assistance in coordinating effort, and 

 the responsibility for the actual conduct of the work being placed in 

 the agricultural college. 



Eesearch is a fundamental and vitalizing function of the Depart- 

 ment and of the experiment stations alike; the States by virtue of 

 federal and state authority, are empowered to do practically the 

 same things the Department is authorized to do in this field. This 

 is a fortunate recognition by both the stat« and the federal govern- 

 ments of the comparatively modem view of research as all-essential 

 to the future progress of agriculture. The field is so extensive, the 



