VETERINARY MEDICINE. 679 



test is based on the principle as outlined by Miessner and others and shown 

 in my publication on this subject. Statistical investigations show that 99.6 per 

 cent correct results in glanders, and 99.75 per cent in healthy horses are 

 obtained with the complement fixation test. Of the 58 glanders cases, only 56 

 reacted positively to the conjunctival test, while 2 horses which proved at 

 post-mortem to be affected with glanders did not give any reaction whatever. 

 On account of the positive serum reactions, both animals were condemned and, 

 therefore, a third retest at 14 days' interval could not be carried out. The 2 

 animals were, according to the history and the result of the serum tests, in the 

 stage of incubation and would probably have shown a positive reaction on a 

 third retest. In 1 experimental horse, conditions observed by Miiller, Gaehtgens, 

 and Aoki were therefore existing, namely, in quite recent infections the con- 

 junctival tests may be negative and occur only several days after the appear- 

 ance of the antibodies in the serum of the patient. Whether or not this is an 

 exception has to be determined by further observations. We found lately that 

 these conditions are rare. The retest, 14 days after the first test, gave, with a 

 few exceptions, distinct results. . . . 



" In horses that are maliciously injected with mallein to veil the results of a 

 subsequent test by a state official, the conjunctival test will be of great assist- 

 ance in disclosing the true condition. . . . The serum tests are necessary to 

 centralize the control of infectious diseases in a reliable state institution and 

 to support the diagnosis in case compensation is sought by the owner of the 

 animal. Only the complement fixation test can be used independently for the 

 diagnosis of glanders." 



The degree of the reaction and a plan which has been used with success in 

 Pennsylvania for reporting the results are given. 



A treatise on rabies, V. Babes (Traits de la Rage. Paris, 1912, pp. ¥1+611, 

 pis. 6, figs. 11). — This work summarizes the present knowledge of this disease. 



Salvarsan in experimental rabies, F. M. Maeras (Centbl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. 

 Abt., Grig., 10 {1913), No. S-Jf, pp. 190-192) .—In the author's experiments sal- 

 varsan had no immunizing effect, whether administered 12 or 18 hours to 

 guinea pigs, or thereafter to mice and rats, following the inoculation of fixed and 

 of street virus. The intravenous injection of salvarsan at the commencement 

 of the paralysis following an infection with fixed or street virus did not cure 

 either rabbits or dogs. 



Salvarsan against anthrax and rabies, M. Isabolinsky (Ztschr, Immuni- 

 tdtsf. u. Expt. Ther., I, Orig., 11 (1913), No. S, pp. 353-560).— Salvarsan was 

 found to be very effective for rabbits treated with lethal doses of anthrax 

 bacilli. Its therapeutic value can be increased by giving a curative serum in 

 connection with it. For rabies it is deemed of no value. 



The treatment of tetanus, C. T. McClintock and W. H. Hutchings (Jour. 

 Infect. Diseases, 13 (1913), No. 2, pp. 309-320) .—The studies here reported 

 were undertaken with a view to determining as far as possible, with animals, 

 the relative value of the various methods of treatment of tetanus. The authors 

 consider the following conclusions to be warranted by the experiments reported : 



"Amputation after the appearance of symptoms is of no value. The toxin 

 appearing in the blood stream is self-limited even In the fatal cases. There 

 is little if any value in the carbolic acid treatment of the disease. If there 

 Is any gain, our opinion is that it is probably due to the sedative action of the 

 drug and not to any direct action on the disease process, and that this result 

 may be obtained with greater certainty by other drugs. The magnesium sul- 

 phate as used in our experiments, subcutaneously, is of no value. Antitetanic 

 serum alone has a definite, although usually insufficient, curative effect. 



