RURAL ECO?rOMICS. 689 



outer edge of the circular plate and is evenly distributed over its surface and 

 slowly worked toward the center to an outlet by 3 sets of 8 small plows 

 fastened to angle irons which revolve concentrically with the circular plate. A 

 rotary fan and hot air pipes from a heater supply a continuous stream of hot 

 air which enters the circular chamber at the top, passes down over the grain on 

 the circular plate through the perforations, and out at the bottom of the circular 

 chamber. The entire apparatus may be driven by horse, engine, or motor 

 power. The amount of grain, the speed of the circular plate, and the tempera- 

 ture and velocity of the air current may be regulated to suit the kind of grain 

 and its percentage of dampness. 



The machine is made in 2 sizes, costing respectively about $380 and about 

 $430. Data from service tests are given which show that the percentage of 

 moisture in an average of 400 cwt. of grain was reduced from between 16 and 

 19§ per cent to between lOi and 11^ per cent in a 10-hour day at a total average 

 cost per hundredweight of about 3.6 cts., excluding interest and depreciation. 



Small farm buildings of concrete {Chicago, Pittsburgh, and Minneapolis, 

 1913, 2. ed. pp. 158, figs. 136).— A second edition of this pamphlet (E. S. R., 28, 

 p. 487). 



Brief notes on modern silo construction, C. R. Mokeis and G. J. Bosman 

 {Agr. Jour. Union So. Africa, 5 {19 IS), No. 5, pp. 699-705, figs. 9). — This article 

 gives plans and brief specifications for the construction of reenforced concrete 

 silos in South Africa and a note on silage. 



For the most commonly used sizes of silo it is stated that the single 6 in. wall, 

 reenforced vertically and horizontally, is the best type of construction. It is sug- 

 gested that the vertical reenforced bars be spaced a maximum of 1 ft. 3 in., and 

 the horizontal bars a maximum of 9 in, for the first 10 ft. and 12 in. thereafter. 



[Silo construction] (Hoard's Dairyman, 45 (WIS), No. 20, pp. 707-710, 712, 

 714, 716-720, 730, figs. 41). — ^Articles are included on the construction of (Con- 

 crete Block Silos, by W. W. Smith : Erecting the Stave Silo, by A. L. Haecker ; 

 Building the Concrete Monolithic Silo, by W. E. Morton; A Brick Silo; Silo 

 Building in the West, by H. E. McCartney; Minneapolis Panel Silo; The Gurler 

 Silo; and The Underground Silo, by H. M. Bainer. Tables of construction, 

 data, working plans, and illustrations are included in most of these articles. 



Efficient poultry housing, G. J. Simmonds (Manette, Wash., 191S, pp. 35, 

 figs. 9). — Plans and specifications with bills of material are given for the con- 

 struction of octagonal and round poultry houses and their interior and exterior 

 equipment, including food hoppers, nests, roosts, etc. In addition a note is 

 given on poultry management in general. 



A model fireproof farmhouse or country home, A. L. A. Himmelwbight 

 (New York, 1913, pp. 91, figs. 27). — This pamphlet gives practical suggestions 

 for the planning and construction of economical and durable farmhouses of 

 fireproof material, and gives complete plans and specifications with bills of 

 material for model 10 and 16 room buildings. 



RURAL ECONOMICS. 



The farmer's income, W. J. Sptllman (U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Plant Indus. 

 Circ. 132, pp. S-7). — Notes and tabular data derived mainly from the census of 

 1910 and in part from certain factors worked out in studies of the Office of 

 Farm Management are presented. 



The crop farm income in the United States for 1910 is given as $980.55 ; and 

 the estimated expenses for labor, fertilizers, seed, etc., as $340.15, making an 

 estimated net farm income of $640.40 per farm. Deducting from this $322.18, 

 which represents the Interest on investment at 5 per cent, the remainder. 



