ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 57 



Coleoptera: General introduction and Cicindelidte and Paussidee, W. W. 

 Fowler {London, Calcutta, and Berlin, 1912, pp. XX-\-529, figs. 2JiO). — The 

 present volume, which is one of the series of The Fauna of British India. 

 Including Ceylon and Burma (E. S. R., 25, p. 557), deals with the Coleoptera, 

 including a general introduction (pp. 1-218), and parts on the Cicindelidae (pp. 

 219-443), the Paussidse (pp. 444-.50O), Rhysodidse (pp. 501-512), and Cupedidsa 

 (pp. 513-515). In the introduction the essential characters are given for each 

 family, of which 103 are recognized by the author, and short accounts of their 

 habits, larvae, distribution, and peculiar forms. A glossary of the technical 

 terms used is included. 



Diptera: Nematocera (excluding' Chirononiidae and Culicidcs), E. Brunetti 

 {London, Calcutta, and Berlin, 1912, pp. XXVIII+5S1, pis. 12, ftps. ////).— This 

 volume, another of the series of The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon 

 and Burma, noted above, deals with the Indian Nematocera, excluding the 

 Chironomida? and Culicidse. 



An introduction to bee culture, R. G. Warrt {Dept. Agr. N. S. Wales, 

 Farmers' Bui. 59, 1913, pp. 10, figs. 5). — A practical guide. 



A handbook of bee keeping. — IV, The life of the bee, E. Zander {Handlmch 

 der Biencnkunde in Einzcldarstellungen. IV, D.as Leben der Biene. Stuttgart, 

 1913, pp. X-\-151, figs. 120). — This fourth volume deals largely with the biology 

 of the honey bee (E. S. R., 26, p. 253). 



Bearing queen bees, R. G. Warey {Dept. Agr. N. 8. Wales, Farmers' Bui. 

 62, 1913, pp. 14, figs. 2). — Detailed directions are given. 



Bee diseases in Ontario, M. Pettit {Ontario Dept. Agr. Bid. 213, 1913, pp. 

 15, figs. 6). — ^A revision of Bulletin 197, previously noted (E. S. R., 27, p. 458). 



Sacbrood, a disease of bees, G. F. White (f7. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent. Circ. 

 169, pp. 5). — Tills is a preliminary discussion of a disease of bees which differs 

 from foul brood, and of which samples have been received from all the States 

 of the Union, except 3. and also from Canada. 



The strength of a colony in which sacbrood is present is frequently not notice- 

 ably dimini-shed, but when the brood is badly infected the colony becomes appre- 

 ciably weakened thereby. The brood dies after the time of capping. The dead 

 larvae are almost always found extended lengthwise in the cell, lying with the 

 dorsal side against the lower wall, and it is not unusual to find many larviie dead 

 of the di.sease in uncapped cells, such brood having been uncapped by the bees 

 after it died. In this disease the cappings are frequently punctured by the 

 bees and occasionally a capping has a hole through it. indicating that the capping 

 itself had never been completed. "A larva dead of this disease loses its normal 

 color and assumes at first a slightly yellowish tint. ' Brown ' is the most charac- 

 teristic appearance assumed by the larva during its decay, but various shades are 

 observed, and the term ' gray ' might sometimes appropriately be used to desig- 

 nate it. The form of the larva dead of this disease changes much less than it 

 does in foul brood. The body wall is not easily broken, as a rule. On this 

 account often the entire larva can be removed from the cell intact. The content 

 of this saclike larva is more or less watery. The head end is usually turned 

 markedly upward. The dried larva or scale is easily removed from the lower 

 side wall. There is practically no odor to the brood combs." 



Through feeding experiments with filtrates obtained from sick and dead larvae, 

 the author has determined that the disease is caused by a filterable virus. 

 Sacbrood has been produced experimentally in 11 colonies by feeding to healthy 

 colonies the virus of this disease. In 8 of the 11 colonies the disease was pro- 

 duced by virus that had passed through the Berkefeld filter. 



Experimental investigations of the poison of the hornet (Vespa crabro), 

 E. Bektaeelli and A. Tedeschi {Centbl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. Abt., Orig., 68 {1913), 



