VETERINARY MEDICINE. 177 



complement fixation tests, were conducted. The trypanosomes examined were 

 from cases of dourine, nagana, mal de caderas, gambiense. and congolense. 



Among the various strains of trypanosomes no differences in passive or 

 active immunizing powers were noted. It was, liowever, discovered that 

 mutual antigens could not be prepared between gambiense and nagana or 

 dourine trypanosomes. The probability exists that some of the strains ex- 

 amined were serum-proof. With the complement fixation test qualitative 

 differences could not be noted between nagana and dourine trypanosomes. 

 Serum-proof and nonserum-proof strains of the same kind of trypanosomes 

 show no differences with the complement fixation test. 



The complement fixation test carried on according to Bordet's and Gengou's 

 specifications is recommended. 



Studies on the biochemistry and chemotherapy of tuberculosis. — II, Intra- 

 vitam staining of tuberculous guinea pigs with fat-soluble dyes, H. J. 

 CoEPER (Jour. Infect. Disawies, 11 {1012), No. 3, pp. 373-387). — Continuing 

 work previously noted (E. S. R, 28, p. 584), dye-staining fats when adminis- 

 tered to tubercular guinea pigs under various conditions were not noted in the 

 tubercles of these animals. This favors the view that the fats contained in 

 the tubercle are derived from the intracellular fats of the tissues which form 

 the tubercle and not from food or transported storage fats. Tubercle bacilli 

 contained within the tubercle did .not take the stain. 



When animals were saturated with the common fat 'stains Sudan III, Scarlet 

 Red, Sudan Yellow, Sudan Brown, and Nile Blue Sulphate, no effect on the 

 course of the tubercular process in the guinea pig was noted. None of the 

 dyes was found to stain any but depot or storage fats, and no harm to the 

 guinea pigs was noted after feeding them the dyes for over 200 days. 



" Subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection of fat dyes dissolved in fats and 

 oils is much less effective in staining the depot fats than is feeding the 

 stained fats. 



" Nile Blue Sulphate is toxic when given by injection, and when fed it did 

 not cause staining of the fat tissues. Sudan Yellow also failed to stain the 

 fat tissues, and is excreted by the kidneys. Sudan Brown has little or no effect 

 on the fats. Scarlet Red gave a more intense coloration than Sudan III but 

 in general the effects are about the same.*' 



It was also noted that the fat stains do not pass through the placenta to the 

 fetus, or at least the fat of the embryo guinea pigs from stained mothers is 

 not stained. This corroborates the results of the Gages (E. S. R., 20. p. 1170), 

 Mendel (E. S. R., 21, p. 6G5), and Daniels. The embryos examined showed 

 extremely fatty but unstained livers. Fat dyes did not pass into the milk of 

 lactating guinea pigs. 



Studies on the biochemistry and chemotherapy of tuberculosis. — III, The 

 lipase of Bacillus tuberculosis and other bacteria, H. G. Wells and H. J. 

 CoEPEB {Jour. Infect. Diseases, 11 {1912), No. 3, pp. 38S-396 ) .—Killed bacteria 

 were tested in regard to their lipolytic power upon various esters and fats. 



Typical lipolytic enzyms were noted even in those organisms which cause no 

 visible splitting of fats in plate cultures. " Bacteria causing visible fat splitting 

 In plate cultures {B. pyocyaneus and Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus) are 

 much more actively lipolytic than bacteria which do not give positive results 

 by this method {B. coli comniium, B. dysenteriw [Flexner], B. tuhcrculosis). 

 All these 5 organisms cause hydrolysis of olive oil, ethyl butyrate, and glycerol- 

 triacetate. The order of hydrolytic activity is the same for each of the 3 

 esters, being as follows : Staphylococcus, B. pyocyaneus, B. coli, B. dysenterice, 

 and B. tuberculosis. Presumably the same enzym attacks all 3 esters. B. tuber- 

 culosis is probably less actively lipolytic than the other bacteria tested." 



