760 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



No. 14-16, pp. 392-412, figs. 29). — These studies relate to the tachinid Para- 

 setigena segregata and the sarcophagids Agria afflnis and Sarcophaga falculata. 

 The author has found the 2 sarcophagids to attack diseased caterpillars 

 only. 



Other African species of Ceratitis, M. Bezzi (Bol. Lab. Zool. Gen. e Agr. R. 

 Scuola Sup. Agr. Portici, 7 {1913), pp. 19-26; abs. in Rev. Ajwl. Ent., 1 {1913), 

 Ser. A, No. ^, p. 97). — An account of several species of Ceratitis reared by 

 Silvestri from various fruits in French Guinea and Southern Nigeria. 



Studies on the mouth parts and sucking apparatus of the blood-sucking 

 Diptera, F. W. Ceagg {Sci. Mem,. Med. and Sanit. Depts. India, n. ser., 1912, 

 No. 54, pp. 17, pis. 5; WIS, Nos. 58, pp. 33, pi. 1, figs. 2; 59, pp. 36+12, pis. 6).— 

 The several parts of this work deal with (1) Philwrnatomyia insignis; (2) some 

 observations on the morphology and mechanism of the parts in the Orthorrapha ; 

 and (3) Lifperosia minuta. 



The bionomics of Stomoxys calcitrans; a preliminary account, M. B. 

 MiTZMAiN {Philippine Jour. Sci., Sect. B, 8 {1913), No. 1, pp. 29-48; ahs. in 

 Pub. Health Rpts. [U. S.], 28 {1913), No. 8, pp. 345, 346).— The studies here 

 reported wei^e made in connection with experiments in the transmission of 

 surra by S. calcitrans. The paper deals with oviposition, hatching, larval life 

 including cannibalism, the formation of the puparium, emergence of the fly, 

 feeding habits of the adult, the occuri-ence in nature and resting habits, 

 longevity, mating, and methods employed in keeping and feeding flies for labora- 

 tory purposes. 



The paper is summarized by the author as follows : " The age at which S. 

 calcitrans begins egg laying has been determined in bred flies to be 9 days. The 

 maximum number of eggs produced by a single Stomoxys may be stated as at 

 least G32 and possibly 820. As many as 20 depositions may be made in the 

 lifetime of a female. The incubation period for these eggs is from 20 to 26 

 hours at a temperature of from 30 to 31° C. The larval stage under optimum 

 conditions is usually from 7 to 8 days. The imago emerges from the puparium 

 generally in 5 days. The fly of either sex takes its initial bite in from 6 to 8 

 hours after emergence. Flies of this species have fed experimentally on 17 

 siiecies of vertebrates including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In feeding on 

 live stock, S. calcitrans makes a wound vpith its labium from which nonbiting 

 flies suck blood. The female may live at least 72 days and the male 94 days. 

 The development of S. calcitrans varies considerably, depending upon the 

 environment. Under optimum conditions, it is 12 days." 



Biolog'ical investig'ations on Stomoxys calcitrans and the comparative 

 biology of coprophagous flies, I. A. Portchinsky {Trudy Biuro Ent. [St. 

 Petcr.sb.], 8 {1910), No. 8, pp. 63+90, pi. 1, figs. 107; abs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 1 

 {1913), Ser. B, No. 8, pp. 146-I48). — This work first gives a resume of the more 

 important literature relating to the stable fly. In south Russia the life cycle 

 requires from 32 to 38 days, the egg stage lasting 24 hours, the larval stage 

 14 to 24 days, and the pupal stage from 12 to 17 days. Mention is made of 

 insects of the genera Mellinus and Oxybelus and a chalcidid parasite as enemies 

 of the stable fly. 



The second part of the work deals with the habits of some 33 species of 

 coprophagous Diptera. 



Further investigations of the transmission of pathogenic micro-organisms 

 by native blood-sucking flies, Schxjberg and Boing {Ccntbl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. 

 Abt., Ref., 57 {1913), No. 14-22, pp. 301-303).— In experiments with streptococci 

 the stable fly {Stomoxys calcitrans) transmitted a fatal infection to I'abbits, 

 not only immediately but even when periods of from 2 minutes to 24 hours had 

 elapsed after the imbibition of the organism. 8. calcitrans failed to convey 



