202 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



processes; special study of chlorination process as a quantitative method; 

 problem of adaptation to industrial requirements as a typical investigation; 

 starch, "feculose," and the true starch colloid; permanent aqueous solutions; 

 applications; hemi-celluloses from seed-endcsperms ; tragasol, industrial appli- 

 cations; cutiloid, a new colloid; applications in paper and leather industries; 

 cellulose hydrate; hydration by chemical reaction; by mechanical treatment; 

 paper-making beating process in relation to properties of paper ; some margins 

 of industrial value; dyeing processes in relation to chemical-colloidal constitu- 

 tion ; cellulose hydrates as basis of artificial structural forms ; form and dimen- 

 sions; practical histology in chemical investigations; physical investigations of 

 colloidal state by way of starch-cellulose series; cellulose and industrial sup- 

 ply; wood cellulose and forestry; further utilization of world's wastes; and 

 examples of wastes on a colossal scale. 



The effect of alkalis, especially ammonia, upon peroxidase, J. Wolff 

 (Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], 155 (1912), No. 9, pp. iS^-^SG) .—The source 

 of this enzym was sprouted barley seeds, and the substance to be oxidyzed in 

 the presence of hydrogen peroxid was guaiacol. 



The results show that in the presence of ammonium hydrate the peroxidase 

 from the above source loses much of its activity, but if the mixture is shaken it 

 gains in acti\1ty in about 4 to 5 hours. The activity continues to increase and 

 reaches its maximum, about twice the initial activity, in 14 hours and retains it 

 for some time. On the eleventh day the intensity of the reaction is very weak 

 and is comparable with that obtained when ammonia is added. 



A decinormal solution of sodium hydrate gives analogous results but tJie de- 

 struction of the catalyzer is much more rapid than with a normal solution of 

 ammonia. 



Is iron the catalyzer active in the oxidation of phenols by the peroxidase 

 of the horseradish? H. Colin and A. SenIichal (Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. 

 [Paris], 154 (1912), No. 4, pp. 236, 237; al)s. in Zentbl. Physiol, 26 (1912), 

 No. 17, p. 746).— It appears that the active principle of peroxidase is a 

 complex compound which contains only small amounts of iron in its molecule 

 and with a strong resemblance to hemoglobin. 



Studies in the action of trypsin.— I, On the hydrolysis of casein by trypsin, 

 E. H. Walters (Jour. Biol. Chem., 11 (1912), No. 4, pp. 267-305, figs. 2).— 

 "The experiments may be briefly summarized as follows: 



"The method of estimating the velocity with which a protein (casein) is 

 hydrolyzed by determining the nitrogen in the undigested portion after pre- 

 cipitation with acetic acid yields results admitting of an accurate physico- 

 chemical interpretation. 



" Upon the addition of a slight excess of alkali to neutral or faintly alkaline 

 solutions of casein immediately before precipitation with acetic acid, precipi- 

 tation is hastened and a clear filtrate is assured. The relation between the 

 time of hydrolysis and the amount of basic sodium casein hydrolyzed, is, for 

 all stages of the reaction, what we would be expected from the monomolecular 



formula Log 10 =Kt. 



° a—x 



" The velocity with which basic sodium caseinate is hydrolyzed by trypsin is 

 directly proportional to the concentration of the ferment. There is a general 

 proportionality between the concentration of the substrat and the velocity of 

 hydrolysis, although the velocity constant decreases slightly as the concentra- 

 tion of the substrat increases. 



"The nature of the base combined with casein has little or no influence in 

 the process of hydrolysis. Basic caseinates of Li, Na, K, NHs, Ca, Sr, and Ba 

 hydrolyze with approximately equal velocities for all concentrations of sub- 



