VETERINARY MEDICINE. 783 



flgures indicate that nearly oue per ceut of uU tlie cuttle slaughtered in the 

 United States at the present time are affected with measles. 



On necrobacillosis with special reference to balanitis (sheath disease) in 

 sheep, F. Tidswell (N. S. Wales Rpt. Govt. Bur. Microbiol., 2 (1910-11), pp. 

 52-59). — This paper reports studies of the occurrence and nature of this dis- 

 ease, the characteristics of the necrosis bacillus, pathogenesis, dissemination, etc. 



Influence of the mode of penetration, cutaneous or buccal, of Stephanurus 

 dentatus on the localization of this nematode in the body of swine and on 

 its development, P. N. Bernard and J. Bauche {Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. 

 [Paris], 157 {1913), No. 1, pp. 1^-16). — This nematode parasite, Icuown as the 

 kidney worm of hogs, occurs principally in the adipose tissue which envelops 

 the ureters and kidneys. It is met with in the liver with variable frequence 

 and exceptionally in other viscera. At Hue (Anam) the authors found 34.6 

 per cent of the hogs inspected at slaughter to be infested. The parasite was 

 found about the ureters and kidneys in all of 100 infected animals and in the 

 hepatic parenchyma in 4 animals. Its presence in the lungs is said to be ex- 

 tremely rare. 



In cysts developed in the perirenal and periureteral cellulo-adipose tissue the 

 parasites are found in pairs, the females being filled with eggs. These cysts 

 open into the lumen of the ureters through fine canaliculi. The centrifuged 

 urine showed the presence of eggs with from 8 to 16 blastomeres in 141 of 411 

 animals. Examinations made of feces have never shown the presence of eggs 

 in the alimentary canal. Thus it appears that the parasites mate in the peri- 

 ureteral cysts and that the eggs pass out in the urine. The eggs readily develop 

 in Looss' medium, the embryo maturing in 24 hours at a temperature of from 

 25 to 35° C. 



The authors' investigations show that this parasite can enter the body of the 

 hog (1) through the skin, and (2) through the digestive tract, and that specific 

 lesions correspond to both of these modes of penetration — perirenal and peri- 

 ureteral cysts in the former and hypertrophic cirrhosis of the liver in the latter. 

 The observations of the disease both naturally and experimentally brought 

 about establish clearly that the periureteral localization of Stephanurus is a 

 necessary part of the life cycle of this nematode. The cutaneous penetration 

 alone is compatible with the conservation of the species. 



Investig'ations of the number of red and white blood corpuscles in the 

 sound horse, Schutze {Ztschr. Ticrmed., 16 (1912), No. 7, pp. 275-290; abs. in 

 Berlin. Ticrdrztl. Wchnschr., 29 (1913), No. 11, p. 198).— The average for the 

 35 horses (22 geldings and 13 mares) studied by the author was 7,401,727 ery- 

 throcytes and 9,629 leucocytes per cubic millimeter. The average percentage 

 of the various forms of leucocytes was for lymphocytes 10.30, mononuclears 

 18.94, transitionals 8.59, polynuclears 56.64, eosinophils 5.12, and mast cells 0.39. 



A note on some interesting results following the internal administration 

 of arsenic in canker and other diseases of the foot in horses, J. D. E. Holmes 

 (Agr. Research Inst. Pusa Bui. 32, 1912, pp. 5). — During the course of experi- 

 mental treatment of surra in horses it was found by the author that arsenious 

 oxid has a curative effect upon canker, thrush, sand crack, and brittle hoof. 



The life history of Sclerostomum bidentatum, R. Stieb (Arch. Wiss. u. 

 Prakt. Tierheilk., 39 (1913), No. 4-5, pp. Jt35-U8, pi. i).— The author's kivesti- 

 gations lead him to conclude that *' almost every horse is affected by one or 

 more aneurisms of the ileo-ceco-colic arteries and their branches. The average 

 internal length is 6.5 to 7.0 cm. (2.6 to 2.9 in.), the internal circumference 

 about 5 cm. (2 in.) and the average thickness of the wall 4 to 5 mm. (i to ^ 

 in.). One or several thrombi with parasites are always found in the aneurisms 

 in winter, and not rarely in summer. The number of parasites is smaller in 



