888 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



regulations concerning it need not be so stringent in certain respects as those 

 governing beef measles or pork measles. 



" The length of time C. ovis may survive after the death of its host has not 

 been determined. 



" The most important preventive measures against the infestation of sheep 

 with C. ovis consist, first, in destroying by fire the carcasses of dead sheep on 

 the farm or range so that they may not be devoured by dogs or wolves, and, 

 second, in keeping dogs free from tapeworms by systematic medicinal treat- 

 ment. These measures will also protect sheep from infestation with tape- 

 worm cysts of various other kinds which they acquire from dogs." 



A bibliography of the literature relating to the subject is appended. 



The pathogenesis and pathological histology of intestinal anthrax in 

 swine, C. Nieberle (Ztschr. Infektionskrank. u. Hyg. Haustiere, IJf (1913), 

 No. 1, pp. 41-67, pis. 5). — This is a contribution from the Laboratory of Foreign 

 Meat Inspection in Hamburg. 



Detecting the presence of erysipelas in hogs with the aid of Ascoli's 

 thermo-precipitation reaction, E. Seibold (Ztschr. Infektionskrank. u. Hyg. 

 Haustiere, 13 (1913), No. 1-2, pp. 91-104). — The organs, blood, etc., coming 

 from 43 pigs dying shortly after vaccinating against erysipelas, and 3 pigs sent 

 in to the Bacteriological Institute of the Agricultural Chamber at Halle, were 

 used for microscopical and autopsical examination and the precipitation test. 

 In addition, 1 sound mouse and other mice infected with the Bacillus rhiLsi- 

 opathiw suis were examined. 



In the organs of the 3 pigs sent in for diagnosis, the swine plague bacterium 

 was present. Among 25 cases in pigs where the erysipelatis was positively 

 identified by the bacteriologic test, the precipitin reaction failed in 4 instances. 

 In 15 other cases where a positive diagnosis with putrid material could not be 

 established, it showed positive 3 times. A positive reaction was also obtained 

 with the putrid tissues of the healthy mouse. The question arose whether 

 putrid material which has no erysipelas bacteria present could give a positive 

 reaction. 



In G cases where the bacteriologic examination showed the presence of the 

 swine plague bacterium, 3 gave a positive precipitin reaction. It was not pos- 

 sible to determine whether the reaction was produced by the swine plague 

 bacillus or the products of putrefaction. 



Most of the precipitin tests were conducted with extracts of the spleen or 

 kidney, and where the reaction appeared very distinct in one organ extract it 

 was not always marked in the extract from the other organ. The time for the 

 appearance of the reaction also varied. 



Hog cholera and preventive serum, W. M. Burson and H. H. Rothe {Bui. 

 Oa. State Col. Agr., 1 {1912), No. 1, pp. 22, figs. 19). — This is a popular account 

 of hog cholera and the methods of production and use of antihog cholera serum. 



The antihog cholera serum laboratory, T. F. Hunt {California Sta. Rpt. 

 1913, pp. ZZ///-ZZF///).— From July 1, 1912, to June 30, 1913, this labora- 

 tory distributed 1,350,235 ce. of serum and 17.528 cc. of virus, which were used 

 to immimize 52,300 hogs, as compared with 20,450 hogs for the previous year. 

 Of the total number of hogs 67,257 showed no visible symptoms at the time of 

 injection, and 95.3 per cent of these survived. Of the remaining 5,492, which 

 showed visible symptoms of cholera when injected, 3C.1 per cent survived. 



" Hog cholera was epidemic in the immediate vicinity of 98.2 per cent and 

 actually present on 96.6 per cent of all the ranches on which our serum was 

 used. . . . The cost of the serum to farmers, in addition to that distributed free 

 as provided by law, has been about $33,000. . . . The protection provided . . . 



