EURAL ECONOMICS. 895 



firmation before the bank makes the loan. In ease the borrower fails to keep 

 up his payments the bank may recover any losses from the canton due to mis- 

 representation by the canton officials. It is noted, however, that losses in this 

 way are very rare and that the method seems to be cheaper and more efficient 

 than those pursued in a number of other systems. 



"Cheap money" commission reports (Grain Growers' Guide, 1913, Oct. 29, 

 pp. 7, 18, 19, fig. 1). — This article points out and discusses the principal features 

 of the report of the commission appointed by the Saskatchewan Government 

 to study and report on agricultural credit systems in Europe. The chief recom- 

 mendations for providing farmers in the Province with credit are legislation 

 facilitating cooperative purchasing and marketing by farmers; the Government 

 to guaranty bonds of cooperative farm mortgage associations, for loans to 

 farmers at low rates on long terms and be repaid on the amortization plan ; 

 and the establishment of an agricultural bank by a cooperative farm mortgage 

 association. 



Progress of the international postal saving's banks and the interests of 

 agriculture {Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome], Mo. Bill. Econ. and Soc. Intel., 4 

 {1913), No. 8, pp. 83-125). — This article discusses and illustrates the origin, 

 development, and advantages of the postal savings banks in the various coun- 

 tries of the world, showing at length their economic organization, rules regard- 

 ing deposits, interest, and withdrawals, and the investment of savings collected, 

 with special reference to that part of the fund employed for the benefit of 

 agriculture. 



Agricultural cooperation in Argentina, C. D. Gibola (X. Cong. Internat. 

 Agr. Gand, 1913, Sect. 1, pp. 34)- — This publication presents a brief history of 

 what has been don.e in a legislative way to encourage agricultural cooperation 

 in Argentina and the effect of such legislation, progress made in cooperation, 

 and its present status. 



Land reform, occupying ownership, peasant proprietary, and rural educa- 

 tion, J. CJoLiiNGS {London, New York, and Boml>ciy, 1906, pp. XXIV-{-452, 

 pis. 6). — The author reviews the causes leading up to the present system of 

 land tenure in England and submits a scheme which seeks by state aid to 

 reoorganize the agricultural industry in such a way as to give better opportuni- 

 ties to yeoman farmers and peasant proprietors. He describes the provisions 

 of the Land Purchase Bill and points out how it would affect the various 

 interests concerned. 



[Collective or cooperative renting], B. Rambaud {Ann. ^cole Nat. Agr. 

 Grignon, 3 {1912), pp. 107-135). — This article presents a comprehensive study 

 of the systems of renting followed in Italy, Roumania, Austria-Hungary, and 

 Servla, showing reasons for the movement in various sections to eliminate the 

 system of renting laud through monopolistic combinations and substitute there- 

 for collective or cooperative renting. Data are given showing in detail the 

 work and progress of the collective system and to what extent it has been suc- 

 cessful in supplying work for the unemployed. 



Danish small holdings, R. A. Lister {Cheltenham, England, 1909, pp. 55. 

 pis. 3). — This book records the findings of a special study of agricultural con- 

 ditions in Denmark, especially as regards small holdings and the Danish system 

 of education and their part in the development of Danish agriculture during 

 the last 30 years. 



Registering title to land, J. Dumas {Chicago, 1900, pp. 106). — This volume 

 presents a series of lectures in which the author summarizes the general history 

 of public registration of land titles in other countries, and points out the merits 

 of the Torrens system as compared with those of recording the conveyances 

 under which title may be claimed. 



