POODS HUMAN NUTRITION. 861 



454^79). A list of the literature cited, consisting of 19 titles, is appended to 

 the paper. 



An unrecorded apple sawfly in Britain (Lygeeonematus mcestus), F. V. 

 Theobau) {Entomologist, 46 (1913), No. 598, pp. 108, 109).— The larvae of this 

 sawfly were received during 1911 and 1912 from 2 places in Hampshire, and 

 from Berkshire, where they were found feeding on apple foliage. A small 

 colony was also said to have been found by the author at Wye in 1907. At the 

 localities in Hampshire they were the source of much damage through strip- 

 ping the trees. 



Spider's web and malaria, F. Knab (Jour. Trop. Med. and Hyg. [London], 

 16 (1913), No. 9, pp. 133, i5.i).— The author reports observations to show that 

 Anopheles guadriviaculatus , which in the northern United States is the princi- 

 pal malaria transmitter and over a large area practically the only one, is not 

 entangled in spider webs, though it frequents them as resting places. 



The biology of some North American ticks of the genus Dermacentor, 

 F. C. BisHOPP and H. P. Wood (Parasitology, 6 (1913), No. 2, pp. 153-187, pis. 3, 

 fig. 1). — The life histories of 3 species are here dealt with, namely D. hunteri, 

 D. albipictus, and D. nigrolineatus. 



FOODS— HUMAN NUTRITION. 



Mineral and organic analyses of foods, E. B. Foebes, F. M. Beegle, and 

 J. E. Mensching (Ohio 8ta. Bui. 255, pp. 211-232).— New methods for the deter- 

 mination of sodium and crude fiber are described, as noted on page 807, and ash 

 analyses of foods and feeding stuffs reported, including cereal products such as 

 wheats differently fertilized, wheat by-products, com, bolted corn meal, corn 

 bran, oats, Kafir corn, hominy, rice, rice polish, gluten feeds, distiller's and 

 brewer's grains, and malt sprouts ; fruits, including apples, prunes, bananas, 

 and dates; vegetables, including onions, cabbage, potatoes, sweet potatoes, and 

 mangels; hay, including clover, soy beans, cowpeas, alfalfa, timothy, and millet, 

 also corn stover, blue grass, and wheat straw; leguminous seeds, including soy 

 beans, navy beans, cowpeas, and peanuts; and concentrates, such as linseed oil 

 meal, cotton-seed meal, skLm milk, whey, mutton, eggs, tankage, and other animal 

 products ; and agar agar. 



In discussing the analyses of the various groups at length, the authors call 

 attention to the fact that " the inorganic products vary remarkably in accord 

 with the conditions of growth, especially as relating to soil, rainfall, and sun- 

 shine, and also rapidity of growth and stage of maturity attained. . . . The 

 genera] character only of the ash analysis of a vegetable product remains char- 

 acteristic." 



" ConsMering the cereals and cereal products as a group, we observe that 

 from th«> point of view of this discussion the dominant characteristic which 

 they have in common is the lack of lime. The acid mineral elements slightly 

 and ratht^r uniformly exceed the basic elements, and the phosphorus is almost 

 wholly oiganic. Wheat bran, wheat middlings, red dog flour, and rice polish 

 are rema)kable because of high phosphorus contents, which would be an ad- 

 vantage ill rations containing the calcium necessary to the utilization of the 

 phosphorurt. 



" Considi?ring the cereal products as human foods, the greater acceptability 

 of the highly milled products is attained at a considerable loss of mineral nu- 

 triment, and the use of these modern products requires more careful consid- 

 eration of the remainder of the diet than was necessary in the days of primi- 

 tive milling processes. 



