350 EXPEEIMEI^T STATION EECORD. 



B. cinerea. A formula recommended, iit combating this fungus is a powder of 

 lime, 85 per cent; with permanganate of potash. 15 per cent. A second formula 

 given replaces 5 per cent of the permanganate by an equal proportion of alum. 

 Several other formulas are given. 



Incubation period of Plasmopara on grapevines with reference to control 

 of leaf fall, G. von IstvAnffi {Bot. Kozlem. [Btidapest^, 12 (191S), No. 1, pp. 

 1-1, {1)-{S) ). — The author gives the results of investigations during the years 

 1911 and 1912, which are in substantial agreement, regarding the incubation 

 p-eriod of Plasmopara as affected by seasonal changes. 



It is stated that in Hungary the length of the period between infection and 

 the appearance of the flecks on the leaves, which usually precedes the appear- 

 ance of the conidiophores, was found to be, early in Maj', from 15 to 18 days; 

 late in May, 12 to 15 days; early in June, 11 to 13 days; middle of June, 9 to 

 11 days; end of June, 6 to 7 days; and. July and August, 5 to 6 days. On 

 blooms and grapes the infection period was longer, being, early in June, from 12 

 to 14 days ; middle of June, 9 to 11 days ; end of June, 10 to 12 days ; and early 

 in July, 12 to 14 days, the later lengthening of the period in this case being 

 attributed to the increasing resistance of the berries. High temperature 

 tended to shorten the period, as did also high humidity. The author advises 

 the application of fungicides beginning with the first appearance of the oil 

 flecks, which, however, do not always appear, especially in very moist weather. 

 See also a previous note (B. S. R., 27, p. 47). 



The g'ermination of winter spores of Plasmopara viticola, L. Ravaz and G. 

 Veegk (Cofnpt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Pari^], 156 {1913), No. 10, pp. SOO-802).— 

 The authors describe the mode of germination of the winter spores of P. viti- 

 cola observed by them. They also give what is claimed to be a simple method 

 of observing such germination, recommending that some such method be utilized 

 as a means of foretelling the primary invasion of downy mildew of the grape, 

 with a view to timely protective measures. 



Banana diseases in Jamaica, S. F. Ashby {Bui. Dept. Agr. Jamaica, n. ser., 

 2 {19 IS), No. 6, pp. 95-128, pis. 8). — Descriptions are given of the Panama dis- 

 ease, black spot disease, banana wilt, blackhead disease, diy rot of bulbs, 

 Marasmius rot, and heart leaf disease of bananas. 



The Surinam Panama disease of the Gros Michel banana, A. W. Drost, 

 trans, by S. F. Ashby {Bui. Dept. Agr. Jamaica, n. ser., 2 {1913), No. 6, pp. 

 128-149, pU. 11). — This is a translation of a bulletin previously noted (E. S. R., 

 27, p. 50). 



The situation in the citrus district of Batangas, P. J. Westeb {Philippine 

 Agr. Rev. [English Ed,], 6 {1913), No. 3, pp. 125-130, pis. 5).— In 1911 the 

 attention of the Bureau of Agriculture was called to an outbreak of blight 

 among the citrus trees in Batangas Province. In this region the cultivation of 

 the trees had been badly neglected, a volcanic eruption had covered a consid- 

 erable area with ashes, and a severe drought, all combined, had seriously 

 affected the citrus industry. 



The principal trouble, aside from that due to neglect, is described as bark 

 rot. This disease makes its appearance on the trunk and larger branches, and 

 the first indication of its presence is the oozing out of the sap from the bark 

 and the formation of a putrid sore at the point of attack. The disease is said 

 to resemble in many ways the foot rot that has been destructive to citrus trees 

 in other parts of the world, yet it differs from that malady in that it extends 

 from the ground well up into the tree, does not attack small trees, and does 

 attack the mandarin orange, which is considered practically immune to the 

 foot rot. A study of fresh material has failed to reveal the presence of a 



