ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 251 



Collembola by G. H. Carpenter (pp. 200-303). the Mallophaga from birds of 

 the Hawaiian Islands by V. L. Kellogg and B. L. Chapman (pp. 305-321), the 

 Myriopoda by F. Silvestri (pp. 332-338), a supplement to Arachuida by E. 

 Simon (pp. 330-344), and a supplement to the Macrolepidoptera by E. Meyrick 

 (pp. 345-566) ; part 5, which is a continuation of the paper on the Coleoptera, 

 is by D. Sharp and H. Scott; and part 6 consists of the fourth paper on Coleop- 

 tera, by R. C. L. Perkins, H. Scott, and D. Sharp (pp. 581-666), the Strepsiptera 

 by R. C. L. Perkins (p. 667), the Thysanoptera by R. S. Bagnall (pp. 660-701), 

 and the Acarina by N. D. F. Pearce (pp. 702-704). 



Report of entomologist, J. R. Watson (Florida Sta. Rpt. 1912, pp. XLVIII- 

 LXIII, figs. 2). — Investigations of the disease of the citrus white fly commonly 

 known as " natural mortality " have shown it to be due to the Microcera or white 

 fringe fungus, although this often does not develop sufficient growth of fila- 

 ments to form the characteristic fringe. The condition spreads from centers of 

 infection ; it may be abundant on a few leaves of a small plant in the nursery 

 row and nearly absent from other leaves on the same plant. On some leaves it 

 may kill as high as 90 per cent or more of the larvre but from 10 to 30 per cent 

 is much more common. 



Although some spraying experiments resulted in a conspicuous rise in the 

 amount of " natural mortality," the increase over the amount in the cheek plats 

 was not nearly so marked as has usually attended the introduction of the red 

 Aschersonia or the brown fungus (^13gerita). Particular weather conditions 

 (damp and coolness) appear to be necessary for the rapid spread of the Micro- 

 cera. as is also a more or less crowded condition of the lai-vaj on a leaf. Be- 

 cause of these facts it is probable that spraying this fungus alone into trees in- 

 fested with white fly will not have as marked effects as in the case of the red 

 or brown fungus. 



Studies of the woolly white fly (Aleyrodes howardii) show it to have spread 

 quite widely in citrus groves, having been recently introduced at Miami and 

 possibly at Fort Myers. In most cases the infestation of this species is very 

 slight as compared with that of A. citri. No parasitic fungi were found on the 

 species during the winter, indicating that it is not as subject to fungus attack 

 as is A. citri. It was heavily parasitized (74.4 per cent) by a chalcidid, and 21.6 

 per cent is said to hare failed to emerge for some unknown reason, making less 

 than 4 per cent that emerged. Observations on the status of the white fly and 

 fungi in various groves of the State are reported. 



Experiments indicate that the use of heat as a means of killing the white fly 

 on citrus trees is impractical, at least during the actively growing season. 



In spraying experiments with thrips (Euthrips tritici) on tomatoes 78 per 

 cent were destroyed by a mixture consisting of commercial lime-sulphur 5J gal., 

 blackleaf 40 14 fluid ounces, and water 200 gal. 



Brief notes are presented upon the occurrence of several additional insect 

 pests during the year. It is stated that the boll weevil reached Florida in the 

 fall of 1911, specimens having been received from Escambia County. 



Insect notes for 1912, O. A. .Johannsen [Maine Sta. Bui. 207, pp. Jf31'/i66, 

 pis. 3, figs. 9). — Notes based upon the station's records for the year, including 

 the occurrence of important insects, are here presented. Among the more im- 

 portant species considered are the European fruit scale, San Jose scale, rose 

 scale, oyster-shell scale, scurfy scale, Lintner's scale (Chionaspis lintneri), 

 European elm scale, maple phenacoccus (Phenacoccus acericola), P. dearnessi, 

 European fruit lecanium (Eulecanium corni), and cottony maple scale, including 

 a table for the separation of these scale insects, various plant lice, Euvancssa 

 antiopa, Ctenucha virginica, brown tail and gipsy moths, tent caterpillars, birch 



