, RUEAL ENGINEEEING. 291 



of 9 ft with Slopes of 0.0038 and 0.0045, and respective velocities of 2.68 and 

 3.49 ft. per second, gave respective values for "c " of 75 and 90, and for "n " of 

 0.0154 and 0.0134. A 16-in. cement pipe, 909 ft. long under a maximum head of 

 18 ft. with a slope of 0.0019 and a velocity of 2.45 ft. per second, gave a value 

 for " c " of 98 and for " n " of 0.0125. 



Concreting in cold weather (Chicago, Pittshurg, and Minneapolis, 1912, 

 3. eiL, pp. 12, figs. 11). — This pamphlet deals with the preparation, mixing, and 

 placing of concrete in cold weather in the construction of such farm structures 

 as foundations, barn, shed, and feeding floors; and building blocks, sills, slabs, 

 and fence posts. 



The information is summarized under the following rules and suggestions : 

 (1) Examine all the materials before using in the work and be sure that they 

 are not frosty or frozen. (2) Heat the material as uniformly as possible. 

 (3) Place each batch of concrete in the work immediately after mixing. The 

 temperature of the concrete when placed should not be below 50° F. (4) Before 

 pouring the concrete free the inside surfaces of the forms from ice and snow, 

 and in vei-y cold weather warm them in some manner. Never place concrete in 

 steel forms until they are warmed if the temperature is below 30° F. (5) In 

 case of delay cover the surface until concreting is resumed. (6) Cover and 

 protect any section of the work from freezing temperature as soon as completed, 

 and in cold weather keep the work protected for at least 5 days. 



Papers, addresses, and resolutions before the American Road Congress 

 {Richmond, Va.: Amer. Road Cong., 1911, pp. 191). — The papers dealing with 

 road administration, construction, maintenance, and repair are as follows : 

 Good Roads and the Farmer, by W. W. Finley (pp. 11-15) ; Good Roads and 

 Waterways, by J. H. Moore (pp. 16-23) ; The Road through Delaware, by T. C. 

 du Pont (pp. 24-30) ; Stone and Gravel Roads, by W. A. McLean (pp. 32-44) ; 

 Earth and Sand-Clay Roads, by P. St. J. Wilson (pp. 44-50) ; Bituminous Roads, 

 by W. W. Crosby (pp. 50-58) ; Road Costs and Maintenance, by A. H. Blanchard 

 (pp. 58-69) ; The Relation between Engineers and Contractors on Highway 

 Work, by O. Bates (pp. 70-78) ; The Contractor in Road Work, by D. L. Hough 

 (pp. 78-106) ; Highway Bridges, by A. N. Johnson (pp. 106-113) ; Motor TraflHc 

 Regulation in Massachusetts, by W. D. Sohier (pp. 117-128) ; Traffic Rules and 

 Regulations, by R. Sylvester (pp. 128-142) ; Relation of the Automobile Industry 

 to the Good Roads Movement, by H. Chalmers (pp. 142-149) ; A Model State 

 Motor Vehicle Law, by E. Lazansky (pp. 149-161) ; The JNIotor Vehicle Law of 

 Connecticut, by M. S. Rogers (pp. 162-171) ; Relation of Motor Vehicle Laws 

 to Good Roads, by S. S. Gorham (pp. 171-176) ; Louisiana Highways, by G. 

 Lombard (pp. 177-181) ; and The Virginia Convict Labor Law, by C. T. Lassiter 

 (pp. 181-187). 



Proceedings of the third annual convention of the Inter-Mountain Good 

 Roads Association (Proc. Inter-Mountain Good Roads Assoc, 3 {1912), pp. 

 So, figs. 11). — These proceedings include progress reports on road construction 

 and maintenance in the various States Included in the association. 



Proceedings of the tenth annual meeting of the Ontario Good Roada 

 Association, 1912 {Proc. Ontario Good Roads Assoc., 10 {1912), pp. 65).— 

 These proceedings include the following papers on road construction and main- 

 tenance: County Road Construction in Ontario, by W. A. McLean (pp. 13-15) ; 

 Federal Aid for Good Roads, by H. J. Bowman (pp. 15-17) ; Progress of State 

 Aid in the United States, by P. D. Sargent (pp. 24-32) ; Foreign Road Systems, 

 by L. A. Hamilton (pp. 34-37) ; Wellington County Roads, by J. M. Young (pp. 

 38, 39) ; Stone and Gravel Roads, by C. Talbot (pp. 39, 40) ; Stone and Gravel 

 Roads, by E. A. James (pp. 40, 41) ; Hastings County Roads, by N. Vermilyea 



