RURAL ECONOMICS. 29.3 



fattening buildings and of buildings for feed storage, with bills of material and 

 a cost estimate for the entire establishment which totals $1,654.87. 



How to build a " hendwel " to house 1,000 hens, R. C. Lawby (Rel. Poultry 

 Jour., 20 (1913), No. 2, pp. 22.',, 225, 302, 303, figs. 9).— This article gives plans, 

 specifications, and a bill of material of a poultry building 30 ft. wide and 6 ft. 

 long containing 2 floors, each divided into 2 rooms. The upper floor is used 

 for roosting. It is claimed that 1 man can care for 3 such houses, containing 

 3,000 birds. 



The improved New York State g'asoline-heated colony-house brooding' 

 system, C. A. Rogers (Neto York Cornell Sta. Circ. 16, pp. 52, figs. 54) ^ — In 

 this circular are described and illustrated the working plans of the New York 

 State A-shaped colony brooder house and its equipment for heating by gaso- 

 line, substantially as previously noted (E. S. R., 23, p. 591). 



A new type of sewag'e sedimentation tank, Mount Washington, Md., 

 H. T. Oliver (Engin. News, 69 (1913), No. 15, pp. 722-72-'i, figs. 2).— A descrip- 

 tion is given of a new type of sedimentation tank so arranged with baflies and 

 compartments that surface waters are allowed to move with a velocity of 1 in. 

 per second, and the more heavily laden waters at the bottom are retained a 

 longer time, thus allowing a thorough sedimentation to take place. An 80 per 

 cent sedimentation is claimed for this arrangement. No septic action takes 

 place, the effluent being discharged into a neighboring stream in stable condi- 

 tion. The deposited sludge is siphoned off to be deodorized in a separate cham- 

 ber, while provision is made to disinfect the tank effluent if necessary. 



Mosquito estermination and its problems, E. Winship ( Engin. Rec, 67 

 {1913). No. 18, pp. 490-492, figs. 2).— This article calls attention to the work 

 of mosquito extermination as practiced in rural and suburban districts of New 

 Jersey, Staten Island, and other Atlantic coast districts. Surface oiling and 

 various methods of drainage were experimented with, and it was found that 

 small open drains 2 ft. deep, of 1 spade width, and spaced 150 ft. apart gave 

 the best results and economic success. It is stated that for success in this work 

 the engineer in charge must have, in addition to his technical and drainage 

 engineering training, special fitness for and special training in this particular 

 branch of rural engineering. 



RURAL ECONOMICS. 



The farmer of to-morrow, F. I. Anderson (Neic York, 1913, pp. VII + 

 308). — This volume brings together and discusses in a popular way some of 

 the fundamental factors affecting the business of farming. Special attention 

 is given to land area and resources of the land itself in terms of soil fertility 

 and the interrelation of the 2 factors in determining types of farming and their 

 economic influences upon the community. 



Farm accounts, C. S. Orwin (Jour. Farmers' Cluh [London'], 1913, Apr., pp. 

 45-65). — This pamphlet discusses at length the economic importance of keeping 

 farm accounts, showing among other things that they have the effect of making 

 farmers more frugal in their business, and oftentimes causing them to change 

 from a nonpaying type of farming to one of profit. Simplified systems of 

 keeping account of each farm transaction are analyzed and explained in detail. 

 Illustrations are given showing the method of accounting and how each item 

 should be accounted for under manual labor, horse labor, rent, insurance, crops 

 consumed, feeds and manure purchased, profits and loss, etc. 



Commerce and products of agriculture, E. Poheb (Le Commerce des Pro- 

 duits Agricoles. Paris, 1912, pp. 498, figs. 125). — This volume treats of selling 

 associations and their influence upon agricultural production and consumption. 



